Addiction
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of proactive quitline counselling for smoking parents recruited through primary schools: results of a randomized controlled trial.
To test the effectiveness of tailored quitline (telephone) counselling among smoking parents recruited into cessation support through their children's primary schools. ⋯ Intensive quitline support tailored to smoking parents is an effective method for helping parents quit smoking and promoting parenting practices that protect their children from adverse effects of smoking.
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To assess saliva cotinine levels in experienced users of e-cigarettes ('vapers'). ⋯ At least some experienced users of electronic cigarettes appear to be able to gain as much nicotine from those products as do cigarette smokers.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Disseminating alcohol screening and brief intervention at trauma centers: a policy-relevant cluster randomized effectiveness trial.
In 2005 the American College of Surgeons passed a mandate requiring that level I trauma centers have mechanisms to identify and intervene with problem drinkers. The aim of this investigation was to determine if a multi-level trauma center intervention targeting both providers and patients would lead to higher-quality alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) when compared with trauma center mandate compliance without implementation enhancements. ⋯ Trauma center providers can be trained to deliver higher-quality alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) than untrained providers, which is associated with modest reductions in alcohol use problems, particularly among patients without TBI.