Addiction
-
Multicenter Study
Heterogeneous dose-response and college student drinking: examining problem risks related to low drinking levels.
Previous research demonstrates that the number of problems related to each additional drink consumed on any drinking occasion, dose-response, varies non-linearly across average drinking quantities. We test predictions from a dynamic model of drinking behavior that locates this heterogeneity in drinkers' efforts to equilibrate between costs and benefits of use. ⋯ Among US college students, all drinkers exhibit greater risks for physiological problems related to alcohol use (hangover, memory loss, medical treatment for overdose, nausea/vomiting, passing out) when drinking greater amounts of alcohol, but heavier drinkers (those who consume more on average) exhibit fewer problems for each additional drink consumed (less dose-response) than light and moderate drinkers. Light and moderate drinkers exhibit greater dose-response, with three drinks per occasion associated with the greatest number of problems.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Opioid treatment at release from jail using extended-release naltrexone: a pilot proof-of-concept randomized effectiveness trial.
Relapse to addiction following incarceration is common. We estimated the feasibility and effectiveness of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) as relapse prevention among opioid-dependent male adults leaving a large urban jail. ⋯ Extended-release naltrexone is associated with significantly lower rates of opioid relapse among men in the United States following release from jail when compared with a no medication treatment-as-usual condition.