Clinical chemistry
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of One Year of Vitamin D and Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation in Older US Adults.
Observational studies suggest vitamin D and marine ω-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplements are associated with lower systemic inflammation. However, past trials have been inconsistent. ⋯ NCT01169259; NCT01351805.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Circulating Proenkephalin, Acute Kidney Injury, and Its Improvement in Patients with Severe Sepsis or Shock.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in many critically ill patients and is associated with high mortality. We examined whether proenkephalin could predict incident AKI and its improvement in septic patients. ⋯ Early measurement and the trajectory of penKid predict incident AKI, improvement of renal function, and the need for RRT in the acute phase after intensive care unit admission during sepsis or septic shock. PenKid measurement may be a valuable tool to test early therapies aimed at preventing the risk of AKI in sepsis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Biomarkers and Coronary Lesions Predict Outcomes after Revascularization in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.
Risk stratification in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is currently mainly based on clinical characteristics. With routine invasive management, angiography findings and biomarkers are available and may improve prognostication. We aimed to assess if adding biomarkers [high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (cTnT-hs), N-terminal probrain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)] and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) might improve prognostication in revascularized patients with NSTE-ACS. ⋯ In revascularized patients with NSTE-ACS, the extent of CAD and concentrations of NT-proBNP and GDF-15 independently improve prognostication of CVD/spontaneous MI and CVD alone. This information may be useful for selection of patients who might benefit from more intense and/or prolonged antithrombotic treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00391872.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of cardiac troponins I and T measured with high-sensitivity methods for evaluation of prognosis in atrial fibrillation: an ARISTOTLE substudy.
Although cardiac troponin is associated with outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF), the complementary prognostic information provided by cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and cTnT is unknown. This study investigated the distribution, determinants, and prognostic value of cTnI and cTnT concentrations in patients with AF. ⋯ cTnI and cTnT concentrations are moderately correlated and measurable in plasma of most AF patients. The risk of stroke and cardiovascular events is highest when both troponins are above median concentrations. Each troponin provides comparable prognostic information when combined with clinical risk factors. ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00412984.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Plasma cannabinoid pharmacokinetics following controlled oral delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and oromucosal cannabis extract administration.
Sativex(®), a cannabis extract oromucosal spray containing Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), is currently in phase III trials as an adjunct to opioids for cancer pain treatment, and recently received United Kingdom approval for treatment of spasticity. There are indications that CBD modulates THC's effects, but it is unclear if this is due to a pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic interaction. ⋯ These data suggest that CBD modulation of THC's effects is not due to a pharmacokinetic interaction at these therapeutic doses.