American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2014
Mucosal Immune Responses Predict Clinical Outcomes during Influenza Infection Independently of Age and Viral Load.
Children are an at-risk population for developing complications following influenza infection, but immunologic correlates of disease severity are not understood. We hypothesized that innate cellular immune responses at the site of infection would correlate with disease outcome. ⋯ An innate profile was identified that correlated with disease progression independent of viral dynamics and age. The airways and blood displayed dramatically different immune profiles emphasizing the importance of cellular migration and localized immune phenotypes.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2014
Genome-wide Study of Percent Emphysema on CT in the General Population: The MESA Lung/SHARe Study.
Pulmonary emphysema overlaps partially with spirometrically defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is heritable, with moderately high familial clustering. ⋯ Our results suggest that some genes previously identified as influencing lung function are independently associated with emphysema rather than lung function, and that genes related to α-mannosidase may influence risk of emphysema.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2014
Deficiency of MDA5 Results in Exacerbated Chronic Post-Viral Lung Inflammation.
Respiratory viral infections can result in the establishment of chronic lung diseases. Understanding the early innate immune mechanisms that participate in the development of chronic postviral lung disease may reveal new targets for therapeutic intervention. The intracellular viral sensor protein melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) sustains the acute immune response to Sendai virus, a mouse pathogen that causes chronic lung inflammation, but its role in the development of postviral chronic lung disease is unknown. ⋯ MDA5 modulates the development of chronic lung inflammation by regulating the early inflammatory response in the lung.