Medicina
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Review Meta Analysis
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations and Lung Cancer Sisk: A Meta-Analysis.
Background and objective: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with many cancer types in addition to hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. However, their relation to lung cancer remains to be explored. Materials and Methods: Observation studies were systematically reviewed to explore the association of BRCA1 or BRCA2 with lung cancer. ⋯ Results: Thirteen studies were included for analysis. Results showed that the RR of BRCA2 is 0.76 (95% CI, 0.48-1.19), the overall RR is 0.96 (95% CI, 0.66-1.40), and that of BRCA1 is 0.66 (95% CI, 0.41-1.05), indicating that it was not associated with lung cancer. Conclusion: With the limitation of the retrospective study design and severe heterogeneity, these results inform clinicians and relevant families that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have no increased risk of lung cancer.
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Review Meta Analysis
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations and Lung Cancer Sisk: A Meta-Analysis.
Background and objective: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with many cancer types in addition to hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. However, their relation to lung cancer remains to be explored. Materials and Methods: Observation studies were systematically reviewed to explore the association of BRCA1 or BRCA2 with lung cancer. ⋯ Results: Thirteen studies were included for analysis. Results showed that the RR of BRCA2 is 0.76 (95% CI, 0.48-1.19), the overall RR is 0.96 (95% CI, 0.66-1.40), and that of BRCA1 is 0.66 (95% CI, 0.41-1.05), indicating that it was not associated with lung cancer. Conclusion: With the limitation of the retrospective study design and severe heterogeneity, these results inform clinicians and relevant families that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have no increased risk of lung cancer.
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Review
Implications of Hepatitis E Virus in Blood Transfusions, Hemodialysis, and Solid Organ Transplants.
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is emerging as the primary cause of acute viral hepatitis in humans. The virus is commonly transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated water in endemic regions or through the consumption of inadequately cooked swine products or game meats in industrialized regions. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are predominantly associated with waterborne transmission in developing countries, whereas HEV3 and HEV4 are mainly zoonotically transmitted in industrialized countries. ⋯ Immunosuppressive drugs such as tacrolimus are a major cause of chronic hepatitis and reducing its dosage results in viral clearance in about 30% of patients. In hemodialysis patients, the parenteral route is implicated as an important mechanism of transmission. In this review, we explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of various HEV genotypes in blood donors, hemodialysis patients, and transplant recipients.
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Review Case Reports
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Triggered by Interferon Beta-1b Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis: Four Case Reports and a Literature Review.
In this paper, we reported on four cases of severe pulmonary active tuberculosis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing interferon beta-1b (IFNβ-1b) therapy. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in MS may increase the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) due to their impact on cellular immunity. Screening for latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) should be performed, not only for the newer DMTs (alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab) but also for IFNβ-1b, alongside better supervision of these patients.
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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders, exhibiting complex and controversial pathological features. Both oxidative stress and inflammation-related reactive oxygen species production may be involved in IBS pathological development. Thus, we focused on several aspects regarding the causes of oxidative stress occurrence in IBS. ⋯ Conclusions: Therefore, there is a possible correlation between neurological impairment, emotional over-responsiveness, mild inflammatory patterns, and oxidative stress that are not followed by tissue destruction in IBS patients. Moreover, it is not yet clear whether oxidative stress, inflammation, or neurological impairments are key determinants or in which way these three interact in IBS pathology. However, the conditions in which oxidative imbalances occur may be an interesting research lead in order to find possible explanations for IBS development.