Medicina
-
Review Comparative Study
Selected environmental risk factors and congenital heart defects.
The aim of the article is to review the published scientific literature and epidemiological studies about the effect of selected environmental risk factors on congenital heart defects in infants. According to recent reports, the prevalence of congenital heart defects is around 1% of live births. ⋯ These malformations are caused by interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The article reviews selected environmental risk factors: maternal illnesses and conditions associated with metabolic disorder (maternal diabetes, obesity, phenylketonuria), maternal lifestyle factors (alcohol use, smoking), which may increase the risk of congenital heart defects.
-
Comparative Study
Management of cerebrospinal fluid leak after surgical removal of pituitary adenomas.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and the causes of the intra- and postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and to discuss the sella closure methods. ⋯ The technique of covering the sella membrane and dural defects with Surgicel and TachoSil in the presence of intraoperative CSF leakage appeared to be the most reliable one, as no postoperative CSF leakage applying this technique has been observed.
-
The aim of this study was to assess nutritional status of aged surgical patients, to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and factors associated with it. ⋯ Malnutrition was diagnosed more frequently in elderly surgical patients than in middle-aged patients. Obesity was more common in women than in men. The prevalence of obesity was not associated with age. Malnutrition in elderly surgical patients was associated with poor functional status, impaired cognitive function, and urgent operation.
-
Comparative Study
[A prospective comparison of double- and single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions].
A nonrandomized clinical study was performed to compare the clinical and radiological outcome between double-bundle and single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions with semitendinosus tendon in athletes. ⋯ This trial showed no significant difference between the double and single-bundle ACL repairs.
-
The aim of this work was to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and smoking habits during a 10-year period and to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and smoking habits, and ischemic heart disease among Kaunas men aged 45-64 years. ⋯ Combination of metabolic syndrome and smoking is significantly associated with ischemic heart disease among men aged 45-64 years.