Acta clinica Croatica
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Acta clinica Croatica · Nov 2023
Review Case ReportsANAL CANCER IN A RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW.
Anal carcinoma is a rare tumor in the general population accounting for 1%-2% of all malignancies. Most anal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. ⋯ We present a patient who developed anal cancer nine years after renal transplantation. Since there was a significant diagnostic delay in our patient, we would like to emphasize the importance of regular screening for anal cancer in renal transplant recipients.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Nov 2023
Review Case ReportsALTERNATING HYPOTHYROIDISM AND HYPERTHYROIDISM IN AN ADOLESCENT BOY - DO WE ALWAYS UNDERSTAND WHAT DRIVES THE SWITCH?
Alternating hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism is a rare phenomenon, especially among pediatric patients. It is usually related to simultaneous, unbalanced presence of stimulating and blocking thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TRAbs). Herein we describe thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone fluctuations in an adolescent boy with negative TRAbs. ⋯ Due to a mild clinical presentation, most of the time he did not require any medication. This case contributes to the spectrum of alternating hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the pediatric age and raises the question of mechanisms involved in fluctuating thyroid function. Therapeutic decisions should be individualized and guided by clinical manifestations and thyroid function tests, irrespective of the underlying pathophysiology.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Nov 2023
ReviewTHE ROLE OF INTERFERON-GAMMA RELEASE ASSAYS IN DIAGNOSIS OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN CHILDREN.
Despite numerous published papers, diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in children is still an undefined area. The importance of this topic lies in the fact that one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis. The majority of infected individuals are LTBI cases which make a reservoir for future active tuberculosis (TB) patients. ⋯ Nevertheless, in the diagnosis of LTBI in children, TST still has some advantages. However, generations of IGRAs have brought many diagnostic advantages that are emphasized in this review. In a difficult procedure of diagnosing LTBI in children, performance of IGRA could be the key factor in making decision whether to use preventive therapy or not.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Nov 2023
ReviewCOMBINED FIRST TRIMESTER SCREENING FOR FETAL DOWN SYNDROME AT THE SPLIT UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CENTER: A SEVEN-YEAR EXPERIENCE.
The aim of this study was to present the results and to explore the success of combined screening at the Split University Hospital Center. A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed, including all pregnant women who underwent combined screening at the Split University Hospital Center from 2011 to 2017. Data were collected from the hospital archives. ⋯ Thus, combined screening placed 121 pregnant women a priori at a low risk in the high-risk group. Down syndrome was subsequently confirmed in 17 (14.05%) women. Analysis of the combined screening results confirmed the validity of using the said fetal Down syndrome screening method in the study population of pregnant women.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Nov 2023
ReviewORBITAL BLOWOUT FRACTURES: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY WITH LITERATURE REVIEW.
Blowout fractures of the orbit are relatively common injuries of the viscerocranium. However, there is still no general consensus on the optimal timing and method of treatment. ⋯ In other words, of our 91 patients, those admitted to our department in the first 48 hours from the injury had a more than 4 times lower rate of complications, likely due to early recognition of the injury with early intravenous antibiotic and corticosteroid administration, multidisciplinary treatment, and early recognition of candidates for emergency and early surgical treatment. The results of our study show the importance of treating blowout fractures in a tertiary care facility with expertise on the subject.