The Knee
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Persistent pain is reported in up to 34% of patients following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for management of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Persistent pain in this group is thought to be at least partly reflective of pain sensory hypersensitivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate sensory hypersensitivity, using mechanical and thermal quantitative sensory testing, in patients about to undergo TKA. ⋯ This study suggested that some individuals about to undergo TKA for their advanced KOA demonstrated widespread mechanical sensory hypersensitivity. These findings have potentially important clinical implications regarding perioperative and longer-term pain management in these patients.
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This study aimed to utilize voxel-based relaxometry (VBR) to examine local correlations between patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stress during gait and PFJ cartilage relaxation times. ⋯ The findings of this study suggest that peak PFJ stress has a greater influence on the biochemical composition of the trochlear than the patellar cartilage, and the lateral than the medial PFJ compartment.
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The effects of retaining residual bundles on surgical outcomes has not been observed, so we evaluated the effects of preoperative knee laxity on clinical outcomes after partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction for partial ACL rupture in this study. ⋯ In the patients with partial ACL rupture, the mechanical strength of the remnant ligament has significant influence on the therapeutic effects of partial reconstruction. The patients with kneelax arthrometer >5mm and/or pivot shift test ≥II grade still have anterior instability in the affected knee after partial reconstruction.
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Comparative Study
Early comparative outcomes of unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasty in severely obese patients.
Medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) may have advantages over total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the setting of obesity. There has been no direct comparison between the two cohorts. This study compares outcomes and complications of severely obese patients undergoing medial UKA versus TKA. ⋯ Severely obese patients who underwent medial UKA demonstrated equal survivorship with substantially fewer reoperations, reduced deep infection, and less perioperative complications at short term follow-up. Severely obese patients had improved KSF scores and maintenance of ROM after UKA compared with TKA.
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Immobilization devices such as plaster splints, casts and braces have been used for first time patellar dislocation (FTPD) in order to prevent redislocation. This study evaluates different non-operative immobilization regimes upon rates of redislocation. ⋯ This study demonstrated no difference in duration of brace treatment in reducing patella redislocation after FTPD. Rehabilitation and predisposal factors such as TD, trochlear depth, patella alta and open growth zone did not influence the redislocation rate. Increasing age reduced risk of redislocation.