Substance use & misuse
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Substance use & misuse · Nov 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialWeb-Based Intervention to Reduce Substance Abuse and Depression: A Three Arm Randomized Trial in Mexico.
Web-based cognitive-behavioral interventions to reduce substance use can be a useful low-cost treatment for a large number of people, and an attractive option in countries where a greater availability of treatment is needed. ⋯ The findings suggest that the web-based intervention to reduce substance abuse is feasible, although it is not more effective than other intervention modalities; its effectiveness must be evaluated in a larger sample. Attrition was a main limitation; future studies must improve retention and assess cost-effectiveness.
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Substance use & misuse · Nov 2018
Associations between Pain-Related Anxiety, Gender, and Prescription Opioid Misuse among Tobacco Smokers Living with HIV/AIDS.
People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who smoke cigarettes are vulnerable to greater pain and aberrant use of prescription pain medications. Prescription opioid misuse is highly prevalent among PLWHA and can lead to a variety of adverse outcomes. Pain-related anxiety, which has been implicated in the maintenance of both pain and tobacco dependence, may also play a role in prescription pain medication misuse. ⋯ There was a significant interactive effect of pain-related anxiety and gender on opioid misuse, such that pain-related anxiety was positively associated with current opioid misuse among male (but not female) participants who were prescribed opioid medications. Among both males and females, pain-related anxiety was positively associated with intention to misuse prescription pain medications in the future. Conclusions/Importance: Additional research into the role of pain-related anxiety in prescription opioid misuse is warranted. This type of work may inform the development of tailored interventions for PLWHA smokers who are prescribed opioid pain medications.