Substance use & misuse
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Substance use & misuse · Jan 2019
Multicenter StudyScreening for Adolescent Alcohol Use in the Emergency Department: What Does It Tell Us About Cannabis, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use?
The pediatric emergency department (PED) represents an opportune time for alcohol and drug screening. The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) recommends a two-question alcohol screen for adolescents as a predictor of alcohol and drug misuse. ⋯ A diagnosis of CUD, lifetime tobacco use or lifetime drug use was predicted by any self-reported alcohol use in the past year, which indicates a classification of moderate risk for middle school ages and low risk for high school ages on the NIAAA two-question screen. Drinking was most strongly predictive of a CUD, somewhat weaker for lifetime tobacco use, and weakest for lifetime drug use. This same pattern held for high school and middle school students and was stronger for high school students over middle school students for all three categories. This association was also found across gender, ethnicity and race. The association was strongest for CUD for high school students, sensitivity 81.7% (95% CI, 77.0, 86.5) and specificity 70.4% (95% CI, 68.6, 72.1). Conclusions/Importance: A single question about past year alcohol use can provide valuable information about other substance use, particularly marijuana.
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Substance use & misuse · Nov 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyCharacteristics of a treatment-seeking population in outpatient addiction treatment centers in Mexico.
Baseline patients' characteristics are critical for treatment planning, as these can be moderators of treatment effects. In Mexico, information on treatment seekers with substance use disorders is scarce and limited to demographic characteristics. ⋯ Substance use related problems, clinical features, and addiction severity reported by treatment seekers are important characteristics to take into account when planning treatment as they facilitate tailoring treatment to meet patients' needs.
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Substance use & misuse · Jan 2011
Multicenter StudyDoes concurrent cocaine use compromise 1-year treatment outcomes for opiate users?
The current study aimed to determine whether cocaine use compromises treatment outcomes for opiate users. Data were collected from 404 opiate users at treatment intake and 1-year follow-up as part of a national treatment outcome study. ⋯ Regression analysis revealed that those who used cocaine at intake were more likely to use cocaine at 1-year follow-up, to commit crime, and to be homeless. It is concluded that treatment for opiate use "works" even in the presence of concurrent cocaine use.