Annals of internal medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position.
To determine if the semirecumbent position (45-degree angle) decreases aspiration of gastric contents to the airways in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients. ⋯ We conclude that the supine position and length of time the patient is kept in this position are potential risk factors for aspiration of gastric contents. Elevating the head of the bed for patients who can tolerate the semirecumbent position may be a simple, no-cost prophylactic measure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Acetazolamide in the treatment of acute mountain sickness: clinical efficacy and effect on gas exchange.
To determine the efficacy of acetazolamide in the treatment of patients with acute mountain sickness and the effect of the drug on pulmonary gas exchange in acute mountain sickness. ⋯ In established cases of acute mountain sickness, treatment with acetazolamide relieves symptoms, improves arterial oxygenation, and prevents further impairment of pulmonary gas exchange.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Loop diuretics for chronic renal insufficiency: a continuous infusion is more efficacious than bolus therapy.
To test the hypothesis that a continuous, low-dose infusion of a loop diuretic is more efficacious and better tolerated than conventional intermittent bolus therapy in patients with severe chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). ⋯ In patients with severe CRI, a continuous intravenous infusion of bumetanide is more effective and less toxic than conventional intermittent bolus therapy. Continuous administration will probably be useful in patients with severe CRI who have not achieved an adequate natriuresis or who show evidence of drug toxicity with standard diuretic dosing regimens. A similar benefit may occur in selected diuretic-resistant patients with cardiac or hepatic disease, and studies in these patients seem warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Potassium depletion exacerbates essential hypertension.
To determine the effect of potassium depletion on blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. ⋯ Dietary potassium restriction increases blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Both sodium retention and calcium depletion may contribute to the increase in blood pressure during potassium depletion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Prevention of bacterial infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies. A randomized, multicenter trial comparing norfloxacin with ciprofloxacin. The GIMEMA Infection Program. Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell'Adulto.
To compare the efficacy of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in preventing bacterial infection in neutropenic patients. ⋯ Ciprofloxacin should be used to prevent the development of infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies.