Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Oct 2020
Observational StudyPreoperative Inflammation Markers and De Ritis Ratio in Predicting Clinical Presentation and Prognosis of Patients with Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.
To evaluate the importance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR) and De Ritis ratio (DRR) in predicting clinical presentation and prognosis of patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). ⋯ Preoperative NLR can be used as an inexpensive and easily accessible marker to predict clinical presentation at diagnosis and mortality rates during follow-up of patients with TGCT. Preoperative LMR can also be associated with the clinical picture at the time of diagnosis of TGCT. Key Words: De ritis ratio, Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, Neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio, Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, Testicular germ cell tumor.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Oct 2020
Impact of Malnutrition on Treatment Outcome of Paediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
To analyse the distribution of malnutrition in paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and its effect on treatment outcome and survival in Pakistani children. ⋯ Malnutrition adversely affects the treatment outcome in paediatric AML. It is significantly associated with increased treatment-related mortality, mainly due to infection and decreased disease-free and overall survival. Key Words: Paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia, Mortality, Nutritional status, Weight-for-age, Z score, Pakistan.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Oct 2020
Case ReportsEuglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Empagliflozin Use in the Course of the SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic.
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are among the new generation oral anti-diabetic drugs that have started to be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although these drugs are highly beneficial, life-threatening side effects such as euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (eDKA) are reported with their use. In eDKA, metabolic acidosis and anion gap appear in blood gases and serum glucose in less than 200 mg/dl. ⋯ The patient was initially suspected to be a case of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) complicating the course of diabetes, finally it was diagnosed as a case of eDKA due to empagliflozin use. We noticed that during the current pandemic, some other diagnoses can be missed or their diagnosis can be delayed. Key Words: Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, Empagliflozin, COVID-19, Diabetes mellitus.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Oct 2020
ReviewChloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: Practice Implications for Healthcare Professionals.
Chloroquine (CQ) and its derivatives such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) remain mainstay of therapy for malaria. These drugs are also approved for certain autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus. The antiviral activities of these drugs and their mechanisms have been studied in vitro previously against various viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). ⋯ The authors used the keywords to find the relevant studies, like COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, complications, repositioning, toxicity, overdose, treatment plan, implication strategies, prevention, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, clinical trials, drug interactions, and practices advice, etc., in Pubmed and Google Scholar. This review aims to provide a detailed insight of practice implications related to these drugs, which would aid healthcare professionals to ensure the safe use of these drugs during the management of patients with COVID-19 disease. Key Words: Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Practice implications.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Oct 2020
Efficacy and Safety of Semi-rigid Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy (URS) for Proximal Ureteral Stone ≥10 mm.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the semi-rigid URS with pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of large (>10 mm) proximal ureteral calculi. ⋯ Semi-rigid URS is an effective and safe procedure for the large proximal ureteral stones, with limited access to flexible instruments. Key Words: Ureteroscopy, Semi-rigid, Stone, Proximal, Clearance, Safety.