Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Feb 2020
Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Women of Reproductive Age in Developing Countries.
Anemia is one of the major causes of maternal mortality and morbidity across the globe, affecting around two-thirds of pregnant women in developing countries. The objective of this study was to synthesise study findings regarding the prevalence and determinants of anemia among women of reproductive age in developing countries. A total of 28 articles were reviewed by two authors for preliminary screening after removing overlapping information. ⋯ The average prevalence of anemia was found to be 46.5% with a range of 18.1% to 75% in different studies. Factors such as increased maternal age, low education, high parity, poor socio-economic status, poor nutritional status, and certain diseases have been found as important determinants of anemia. There is a need to improve the socio-economic status, literacy, diet and general health of poor women in developing countries.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Feb 2020
Case ReportsExtra-anatomical Cephalic to Internal Jugular Vein Bypass for Central Venous Occlusion.
Extra-anatomical cephalic to internal jugular venovenous bypass is a surgical method of improving the patency of arteriovenous access in patients with central venous stenosis (CVS), which is infrequently performed. It can be more durable compared to percutaneous venoplasty for CVS. We present a 60-year male who developed right subclavian vein stenosis after brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistula. ⋯ He underwent cephalic to internal jugular venovenous bypass with externally supported polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft. This provided immediate symptomatic relief and also salvaged his fistula, which was patent at his last follow-up visit at six months. Venovenous bypass can be considered earlier in 'selected' patients to deal CVS not amenable to percutaneous interventions.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Feb 2020
Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia and Important Risk Factors during Major Abdominal Surgeries.
A relation between inadvertent perioperative hypothermia and possible important risk factors during major abdominal surgeries was investigated. ⋯ In this study, important risk factors for inadvertent hypothermia were found as; male gender, advanced age, high ASA scores, smoking, prolonged duration of operation, transfusion of fluids and/or PRBCs.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Feb 2020
Comparative StudyElevated Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α mRNA Expression Correlates with Nuclear Factor Kappa B Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Preeclampsia.
To evaluate, compare and correlate the mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in preeclampsia and normotensive group. ⋯ The peripheral blood mononuclear cells mRNA expression of NF-kB and TNF-α differed within the two groups with an increase in expression in the diseased group (p <0.001). There was an increase of 2.79 fold in mRNA expression of TNF-α while the result for NF-αB was 2.28 fold. The difference in the expression of both NF-kB and TNF-α was significant within the two subgroups of preeclampsia (p <0.001). TNF-α was found to be strongly correlated with NF-kB (p <0.01).
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Feb 2020
Supervisor's Feedback on Progress of E-Logbook System of CPSP: A Cross-sectional Survey.
To determine the feedback of supervisors regarding role of e-logbook in monitoring of training, strengthening supervisor-supervisee relationship and improving overall environment of postgraduate training at College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP). ⋯ Supervisors perceive electronic logbooks as a useful medium for training monitoring and improvement of the relationship between supervisors and their residents. They have shown wide acceptability to the e-log system. E-log should continue as the primary monitoring system of the training programmes of CPSP.