Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2023
ReviewEfficacy of Endotracheal Tube Cuff Modification in Preventing Ventilator-associated Pneumonia.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of modifying the cuff on preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception to April 2022, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effect of a new type of cuff intubation with traditional cuff intubation on VAP incidence and intensive-care unit (ICU) mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. Nine RCTs with 1937 patients were finally evaluated. The pooled results for the incidence of VAP showed that the modified cuff significantly decreased the morbidity of VAP compared with the traditional cuff (relative ratio (RR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56-0.95, p = 0.02). ⋯ The modified cuff is superior to the traditional cuff in VAP prevention. In particular, the modified cuff combined with subglottic secretion drainage has more advantages. Key Words: Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Intubation, Endotracheal cuff, Intensive care unit, Meta-analysis.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2023
A Step towards Personalised Cancer Treatment in Lower Middle-income Countries (LMICS): Molecular Tumour Boards.
Tumour boards are meetings where physicians from various disciplines treating cancer patients meet to recommend evidence-based or the best possible treatment plan. These meetings have evolved with time and now, in every part of the world; site-specific multi-disciplinary tumour boards are established. These meetings are considered pivotal for improving patient outcomes. ⋯ However, the adoption of personalised treatment choices is associated with a huge financial burden, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). A molecular tumour board can help to identify and suggest the most appropriate plan of management. Key Words: Molecular, Genetics, Personalised, Challenges.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2023
Identification and Association of Polymorphism rs2073618 of the Osteoprotegerin Gene in Type 2 Diabetics with and without Retinopathy.
To identify and determine the association of SNP (rs2073618) of OPG gene in diabetics with and without retinopathy and in healthy controls. ⋯ Allele specific PCR, Diabetic retinopathy, Single nucleotide polymorphism, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus.
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J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2023
Prevalence and Association of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections with Age of Blood Donors: A Regional Transfusion Centre Study in Northern Pakistan.
To evaluate the prevalence and association of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) with age of blood donors in a regional transfusion centre located in Northern Pakistan. ⋯ Transfusion-transmissible infections, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus, Treponema pallidum, Syphilis, Automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay analyzer, Nucleic acid amplification test.
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