Clinical and experimental nephrology
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Clin. Exp. Nephrol. · Apr 2012
Case ReportsGitelman syndrome: novel mutation and long-term follow-up.
We report a case of Gitelman syndrome presenting with fatigue, paresthesias, weakness of limbs and neck muscles since 2.5 years of age. Investigations showed hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia with urinary magnesium wasting. ⋯ Management with potassium and magnesium supplements and spironolactone resulted in a significant improvement in symptoms. Over a follow-up of 11 years, the patient showed satisfactory growth and physical development.
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Clin. Exp. Nephrol. · Feb 2012
Hypervolemic hypernatremia in patients recovering from acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit.
A high incidence of hypernatremia is often observed in patients recovering from acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care units. ⋯ The hypernatremia is believed to be due to post-AKI diuresis in the face of inability to maximally concentrate the urine because of renal failure. The diuresis caused a disproportionate loss of water in excess of that of sodium in the absence of replenishment of the water loss. Additionally, the patients were hypervolemic due to the retention of large quantities of sodium and water as a result of infusion of substantial volumes of physiological saline prior to the development of hypernatremia.
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Clin. Exp. Nephrol. · Dec 2011
Vascular calcification estimated by aortic calcification area index is a significant predictive parameter of cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients.
Vascular calcification is a feature of arteriosclerosis. In hemodialysis (HD) patients, vascular calcification progresses rapidly. This study used the aortic calcification area index (ACAI), an index of vascular calcification, to evaluate vascular calcification factors in HD patients, to investigate correlations between ACAI and long-term prognosis and to assess correlations between various factors and long-term prognosis. ⋯ High ACAI was clearly correlated with mortality rate in HD patients, particularly cardiovascular mortality rate. ACAI was a useful long-term prognostic indicator in HD patients.