British journal of anaesthesia
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Paravertebral blockade (PVB) is a regional anaesthetic technique with a large number of indications. PVB is usually performed with landmark-based techniques or methods that rely on pressure differences between the extra- and intraparavertebral space. This consecutive case series was designed to describe the ultrasound appearance of the lateral thoracic paravertebral space (PVS) and develop an ultrasound-guided method for PVB. ⋯ After ultrasound identification of the boundaries of the lateral PVS, an out-of-plane needle guidance technique facilitated successful PVB. There were no clinically relevant correlations between morphometric data and ultrasound measurements.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Xylometazoline pretreatment reduces nasotracheal intubation-related epistaxis in paediatric dental surgery.
Epistaxis is the most common complication encountered during nasotracheal intubation (NTI) in children. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of prophylactic intranasal admixture of xylometazoline and local anaesthetic gel in reducing epistaxis after NTI in children. ⋯ Admixture of intranasal xylometazoline 0.1% drops and lidocaine 2% jelly reduced the incidence and severity of epistaxis after NTI in preschool children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of obesity on propofol pharmacokinetics: derivation of a pharmacokinetic model.
The objective of this study was to develop a pharmacokinetic (PK) model to characterize the influence of obesity on propofol PK parameters. ⋯ We have derived a population PK model using obese and non-obese data to characterize propofol PK over a wide range of body weights. An allometric model using TBW as the size descriptor of volumes and clearances was superior to other size descriptors to characterize propofol PK in obese patients.