Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Letter Case Reports
Unilateral Pupil Dilation From Epidural Spinal Stimulation.
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In spinal cord stimulation (SCS), the electrical stimulation of the spinal cord with an implanted lead evokes a tingling peripheral sensation known as paresthesias. Newer stimulation paradigms allow paresthesia-free treatment, but during the implantation of the lead, paresthesias must cover the painful area to achieve optimal treatment effect. The localization of the evoked paresthesias can be difficult to accurately describe for the patient, and furthermore depends on a complex and only partially predictable set of parameters that includes the anatomical localization and the programming of the electrical field. We aimed to optimize SCS implantation procedures by devising a way to aid the patient in making useful descriptions of the evoked paresthesias, then to visually convey the full set of information-anatomical position of the lead, programming parameters, and evoked paresthesias-directly to the implanting physician. ⋯ We present an Implanter's Integrated Information (I3) system; a simple, inexpensive solution for gathering, integrating, and conveying the complex set of information necessary for a successful SCS procedure.
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Surgical site infections (SSIs) result in significant negative clinical and economic outcomes. The objective of this study is to estimate annual health expenditures associated with spinal cord stimulation (SCS)-related infections. ⋯ These results show the substantial expenditure burden associated with an SCS-related infection. Management of SCS-related infection is important from both clinical and economic standpoints. The economic and clinical data presented here reinforce the need for additional research and strategies for healthcare providers to minimize SCS infections. Future economic research is needed to further define the specific economic cost drivers associated with the extensive expenditure burden.