Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Novel paired associative stimulation (novel-PAS), delivered by pairing movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) with electrical stimulation of somatosensory afferents, is an innovative neuromodulatory intervention. Novel-PAS results in increased corticomotor excitability and has potential as a rehabilitative adjunct to improve outcomes following stroke. The duration of its excitatory effect has important implications for how this novel PAS intervention might be applied within a traditional therapy session, but previous research has not explored its effects beyond 30 min post-intervention. ⋯ Corticomotor excitability is increased for 60 min following this novel-PAS intervention. Future research could investigate the optimal method of combining this neuromodulatory technique with traditional therapy.
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Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), a rare and severe chronic pain condition, often responds poorly to existing treatments. Previous studies demonstrated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) provided short-term pain relief for upper extremity CRPS. ⋯ We used a TMS protocol that, for the first time, led to significant pain relief in upper and lower extremity CRPS, and will soon examine our protocol in a larger, controlled trial.
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Review Meta Analysis
Cost-Effectiveness Modeling of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Compared to Electroconvulsive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Singapore.
Compared to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the cost-effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains unclear. ⋯ rTMS was a cost-effective treatment compared to ECT in TRD over one year. The cost-effectiveness of rTMS was attenuated when ECT was used in the outpatient setting.
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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is gaining growing importance in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders and is currently investigated for home-based and remotely supervised applications. ⋯ Further research needs to focus on home-based treatment from different viewpoints, that is, safety, technical monitoring, reproducibility of repeated applications, feasibility of combined interventions and systematic assessment of efficacy, and safety in large randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). However, remotely controlled and supervised tDCS for home use represents a promising approach for widespread use of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in clinical care.
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High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) using a 4 × 1 electrode montage has been previously shown using modeling and physiological studies to constrain the electric field within the spatial extent of the electrodes. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to determine if functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging can be used to determine a hemodynamic correlate of this 4 × 1 HD-tDCS electric field on the brain. ⋯ The greater O2 Hbint "within" than "outside" the spatial extent of the 4 × 1 electrode montage represents a hemodynamic correlate of the electrical field distribution, and thus provides a prospective reliable method to determine the dose of stimulation that is necessary to optimize HD-tDCS parameters in various applications.