Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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In the present review article we summarize available clinical and preclinical evidence, if modulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) could be a target for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease (PD). ⋯ Clear clinical evidence for STN-DBS-related neuroprotection in PD is missing. However, numerous preclinical studies show (and are discussed) that silencing of the STN via lesion or DBS may exert neuromodulative effects on nigral dopamine neurons.
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To summarize research to understand the priorities of consumers with spinal cord injury (SCI) as related to neuroprosthesis. ⋯ Understanding the consumer is the cornerstone to successful delivery of a neuroprosthesis. Translational research by multidisciplinary teams is needed to understand these issues and move technology for people living with SCI from the bench to the bedside.
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Successful treatment of charcot-marie-tooth chronic pain with spinal cord stimulation: a case study.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is one of the most common hereditary neuropathies affecting one in 2500 people in the United States. CMT disease is associated with moderate to severe chronic extremity pain. We present the case of a young man with chronic intractable lower extremity pain associated with CMT disease treated with spinal cord stimulation (SCS). ⋯ SCS produced favorable results in a patient with CMT and should be considered a treatment option for pain resulting from this condition.
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The excitability of sensorimotor cortex and spinal motoneurones can be modulated by afferent signals arising from the periphery. Low- and high-frequency vibrations activate separate classes of afferent units in the periphery. Low-frequency vibrations (2-100 Hz) activate the type I fast adapting afferent units (FA-I), whereas high-frequency vibrations (60-1000 Hz) preferentially activate the type II units (FA-II). Muscle spindles are also sensitive to high-frequency mechanical vibrations. Motor-evoked potentials (MEP) generated in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be modulated by afferent signals. However, it is not clear whether these interactions take place at cortical or spinal cord levels. ⋯ The results suggest that a cerebrovascular accident influences the modulatory effects of afferent inputs at both spinal and cortical levels, and in time, as reorganization takes place, these altered influences settle towards normal levels.