Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Dec 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of changes in position, positive end-expiratory pressure and mean arterial pressure on renal, portal and hepatic Doppler ultrasound perfusion indices: a randomized crossover study in cardiac surgery patients.
Point-of-care ultrasound perfusion indices can be used for detection of AKI and venous congestion. Patients in the postoperative- and intensive care units are frequently exposed to alternating treatment and loading conditions. We aimed to study the effects of changes in preload (patient positioning), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and afterload (phenylephrine) on renal, portal and hepatic ultrasound indices. ⋯ Although the changes in the Doppler ultrasound indices were significant, they were small in absolute numbers. Therefore, from a clinical perspective, the ultrasound indices were robust. Trial registration Registered at clinicaltrials.com, first posted online June 5th 2020, identifier: NCT04419662.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Dec 2022
Blood pressure nomograms for children undergoing general anesthesia, stratified by age and anesthetic type, using data from a retrospective cohort at a tertiary pediatric center.
Reference values for non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) are available for children undergoing general anesthesia, but have not been analyzed by type of anesthetic. This study establishes age-specific pediatric NIBP reference values, stratified by anesthetic type: inhalational anesthesia (IHA), total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), and mostly intravenous anesthesia (MIVA, an inhalational induction followed by intravenous maintenance of anesthesia). NIBP measurements were extracted from a de-identified vital signs database for children < 19 years undergoing anesthesia between Jan/2013-Dec/2016, excluding cardiac surgery. ⋯ Mean NIBP during anesthesia increased with age, from median values of 48 mmHg (TIVA), 45 mmHg (IHA), and 41 mmHg (MIVA) in neonates, to 70 mmHg (TIVA), 68 mmHg (IHA), and 64 mmHg (MIVA) in 18-year-olds, respectively. In children < 1 year, mean NIBP values were 4 mmHg higher with TIVA than IHA (p < 0.001). These pediatric NIBP reference values contribute to ongoing debate about alarm limits based on age and anesthetic type, and may motivate prospective studies into the effects of different anesthesia regimes on vital signs.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Dec 2022
Memsorb™, a novel CO2 removal device part II: in vivo performance with the Zeus IE®.
Memsorb™ (DMF Medical, Halifax, Canada) is a novel device based upon membrane oxygenator technology designed to eliminate CO2 from exhaled gas when using a circle anesthesia circuit. Exhaled gases pass through semipermeable hollow fibers and sweep gas flowing through these fibers creates a diffusion gradient for CO2 removal. In vivo Memsorb™ performance was tested during target-controlled closed-circuit anesthesia (TCCCA) with desflurane in O2/air using a Zeus IE® anesthesia workstation (Dräger, Lübeck, Germany). ⋯ During target-controlled closed-circuit anesthesia in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, the Memsorb™ maintained FICO2 ≤ 0.8% and FETCO2 ≤ 6.0%, and FIO2 remained close to target. Modest amounts of desflurane were lost with the use of the Memsorb™. The need for adjustments of sweep flow, minute ventilation, and occasionally Zeus IE® FGF indicates that the Memsorb™ system should preferentially be integrated into an automated closed-loop system.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Dec 2022
Case ReportsRegional respiratory sound abnormalities in pneumothorax and pleural effusion detected via respiratory sound visualization and quantification: case report.
Assessment of respiratory sounds by auscultation with a conventional stethoscope is subjective. We developed a continuous monitoring and visualization system that enables objectively and quantitatively visualizing respiratory sounds. We herein present two cases in which the system showed regional differences in the respiratory sounds. ⋯ Chest X-rays showed a large amount of pleural effusion on the right side. The continuous monitoring and visualization system visually and quantitatively revealed a decreased respiratory volume in the lower right lung field compared with that in the lower left lung field. Our newly developed continuous monitoring and visualization system enabled quantitatively and visually detecting regional differences in respiratory sounds in patients with pneumothorax and pleural effusion.
-
J Clin Monit Comput · Dec 2022
Minimizing sevoflurane wastage by sensible use of automated gas control technology in the flow-i workstation: an economic and ecological assessment.
Both ecological and economic considerations dictate minimising wastage of volatile anaesthetics. To reconcile apparent opposing stakes between ecological/economical concerns and stability of anaesthetic delivery, new workstations feature automated software that continually optimizes the FGF to reliably obtain the requested gas mixture with minimal volatile anaesthetic waste. The aim of this study is to analyse the kinetics and consumption pattern of different approaches of sevoflurane delivery with the same 2% end-tidal goal in all patients. ⋯ Further optimization of the AGC algorithms, particularly in the early wash-in period seems feasible. In AGC mode, lower speed settings result in significantly lower consumption of sevoflurane. Routine clinical practice using what historically is called "low flow anaesthesia" (e.g. 2 L/min FGF) should be abandoned, and all anaesthesia machines should be upgraded as soon as possible with automatic delivery technology to minimize atmospheric pollution with volatile anaesthetics.