Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2022
ReviewPower spectrum and spectrogram of EEG analysis during general anesthesia: Python-based computer programming analysis.
The commonly used principle for measuring the depth of anesthesia involves changes in the frequency components of the electroencephalogram (EEG) under general anesthesia. Therefore, it is essential to construct an effective spectrum and spectrogram to analyze the relationship between the depth of anesthesia and the EEG frequency during general anesthesia. This paper reviews the computer programming techniques for analyzing the spectrum and spectrogram derived from a single-channel EEG recorded during general anesthesia. ⋯ Finally, the multitaper method, which can suppress artifacts caused by the edges of the analysis segments, suppress noise, and probabilistically infer values that are close to the real power spectral density, is explained using practical examples of the analysis. All analyses were performed and all graphs plotted using Python under Jupyter Notebook. The analyses demonstrated the effectiveness of Python-based programming under the integrated development environment Jupyter Notebook for constructing an effective spectrum and spectrogram for analyzing the relationship between the depth of anesthesia and EEG frequency analysis in general anesthesia.
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This paper provides a review of a selection of papers published in the Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing in 2020 and 2021 highlighting what is new within the field of respiratory monitoring. Selected papers cover work in pulse oximetry monitoring, acoustic monitoring, respiratory system mechanics, monitoring during surgery, electrical impedance tomography, respiratory rate monitoring, lung ultrasound and detection of patient-ventilator asynchrony.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2022
In vitro validation and characterization of pulsed inhaled nitric oxide administration during early inspiration.
Admixture of nitric oxide (NO) to the gas inspired with mechanical ventilation can be achieved through continuous, timed, or pulsed injection of NO into the inspiratory limb. The dose and timing of NO injection govern the inspired and intrapulmonary effect site concentrations achieved with different administration modes. Here we test the effectiveness and target reliability of a new mode injecting pulsed NO boluses exclusively during early inspiration. ⋯ Pulsed early inspiratory phase NO injection is as effective as continuous or non-selective admixture of NO to inspired gas and may confer improved target reliability, especially at low, lung protective tidal volumes.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2022
Reliability assessment of hyperspectral imaging with the HyperView™ system for lower extremity superficial tissue oxygenation in young healthy volunteers.
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a noninvasive spectroscopy technique for determining superficial tissue oxygenation. The HyperView™ system is a hand-held camera that enables perfusion image acquisition. The evaluation of superficial tissue oxygenation is warranted in the evaluation of patients with peripheral arterial disease. The aim was to determine the reliability of repeated HSI measurements. ⋯ This study showed good short term test-retest reliability for HSI measurements, however low intra- and inter-observer reliability was observed for tissue oxygenation measurements with both HSI and TcPO2 performed at separate days in young healthy volunteers. Reliability of HSI can be improved when determined as a mean of two measurements taken on different days.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Jun 2022
Clinical TrialIncongruous effect of phenylephrine on changes in cerebral blood volume measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) indicating extracranial contamination.
We assessed extracranial contamination of the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signal during administration of phenylephrine. The study was performed with NIRO 200NX which employs both the Modified Beer-Lambert (MBL) method to measure total hemoglobin (tHb, expressed in µM), and Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy (SRS) to measure total hemoglobin content (nTHI, expressed in arbitrary units (a.u.)). SRS tends to not be affected by extracranial blood flow. ⋯ The median difference between the Z-scores of nTHI and tHb was - 0.02 [95%CI - 0.04 to - 0.003] (p = 0.03), with a higher variability in the Z-scores of tHb. Phenylephrine induced significant larger changes in MBL values compared to SRS values, indicating that the MBL method might be more prone to extracranial contamination. Trial and clinical registry: Trial registration number: B670201939459, ethical committee number: 2019/0265, date of approval: March 19, 2019.