J Emerg Med
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A Cluster-Randomized Control Study Comparing a New Cue "Two Compressions per Second" with "100-120 Compressions per Minute" in Training of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
Chest compression at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute (cpm) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is associated with the highest survival rates. Performing compressions at a faster rate may exhaust the rescuers. ⋯ The new cue of 'two compressions per second' resulted in participants having a lower compression rate, although it still exceeded 120 cpm.
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Vital signs are an essential component of the emergency department (ED) assessment. Vital sign abnormalities are associated with adverse events in the ED setting and may indicate a risk of poor outcomes after ED discharge. ⋯ Based on the available evidence, the specific vital sign abnormality and the number of total abnormalities influence the risk of adverse outcomes after discharge. Vital sign abnormalities at the time of discharge also increase the risk of ED revisit. The most common abnormal vital sign at the time of discharge is tachycardia.
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Time indices are key elements in prehospital medical emergencies. The number of calls to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and the number of missions they have undertaken have been impacted by the COVID-19 epidemic. ⋯ Even though the structure of Iran's emergency system is based on the American-Anglo model, and rapid patient transfers to medical facilities are prioritized, the COVID-19 epidemic resulted in increased calls and missions and affected time indices. Therefore, it is suggested that the method and type of service provision be modified during similar crises.
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Adolescent substance use is a growing public health concern, particularly given rising mortality rates from drug overdose deaths. The emergency department (ED) provides a unique opportunity to screen adolescents for substance use and provide brief interventions and linkage to care. ⋯ ED-based adolescent substance use screening and interventions are necessary, feasible, and acceptable, but understudied. Future studies, focusing on optimizing ED interventions and linkage to care, are important next steps in determining the best care for adolescents with substance use who present to the ED.