Aviat Space Envir Md
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Dec 2007
Tactile cueing effects on performance in simulated aerial combat with high acceleration.
Recent evidence indicates that vibrotactile displays can potentially reduce the risk of sensory and cognitive overload. Before these displays can be introduced in super agile aircraft, it must be ascertained that vibratory stimuli can be sensed and interpreted by pilots subjected to high G loads. ⋯ This study is the first to show that tactile display information is perceivable and useful in hypergravity (up to +9 Gz). The results show that the tactile display can capture attention at threat pop-up and improve threat awareness for threats in the back, even in the presence of high-end visual displays. It is expected that the added value of tactile displays may further increase after formal training and in situations of unexpected target pop-up.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Dec 2007
Practice GuidelineEmergency medical kit for commercial airlines: an update.
In 1998, the Air Transport Medicine (ATM) Committee of the Aerospace Medical Association (AsMA) made its first recommendations concerning medical kits for commercial airlines. These were updated in 2002 and the ATM has continued to monitor medical kit usage, as well as pharmaceutical developments, and a further revision is now needed. This has taken into account ongoing work of the International Civil Aviation Organization and recommendations of the International Air Transport Association in the field of passenger and crew health. Based on the above, the Committee proposes the following update to its 2002 recommendations.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Dec 2007
Oxygen administration, cerebral blood flow velocity, and dynamic cerebral autoregulation.
Hyperoxia is reported to decrease steady-state cerebral blood flow (CBF). In addition, dynamic cerebral autoregulation would be altered. Hyperoxia may improve dynamic cerebral autoregulation, contrary to hypoxia. However, no previous studies have examined changes in steady-state CBF velocity (CBFV) and alterations of dynamic cerebral autoregulation during acute exposure to hyperoxia. We, therefore, evaluated dynamic cerebral autoregulation simultaneously with steady-state CBFV during stepwise hyperoxia under oxygen administration. ⋯ These results suggest that hyperoxemia and hypocapnia reduce steady-state CBFV and increase cerebral vascular resistance during oxygen administration. This reduction in steady-state CBFV occurs even during mild hyperoxia < or = 40% O2 and becomes obvious at 70% O2 with hypocapnia. However, dynamic cerebral autoregulation may remain unchanged during hyperoxia, even with apparent changes in steady-state CBFV.