World Neurosurg
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Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors. The preferred treatment is maximum safe resection, and the heterogeneity of meningiomas results in a variable prognosis. Progression/recurrence (P/R) can occur at any grade of meningioma and is a common adverse outcome after surgical treatment and a major cause of postoperative rehospitalization, secondary surgery, and mortality. ⋯ In recent years, the development of advanced magnetic resonance imaging technology and machine learning has provided new insights into noninvasive preoperative prediction of meningioma P/R, which helps to achieve accurate prediction of meningioma P/R. This narrative review summarizes the current research on conventional magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and machine learning in predicting meningioma P/R. We further explore the significance of tumor microenvironment in meningioma P/R, linking imaging features with tumor microenvironment to comprehensively reveal tumor heterogeneity and provide new ideas for future research.
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The ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is widely acknowledged as a treatment option for managing intracranial hypertension resulting from non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cryptococcal meningitis (CM). Nonetheless, there is currently no consensus on the appropriate surgical indications for this procedure. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct a preoperative evaluation of patient characteristics and predict the outcome of the VP shunt to guide clinical treatment effectively. ⋯ The surgical outcome of VP shunt procedures patients with non-HIV CM was associated with age, preoperative cryptococcal count, and preoperative CSF protein levels. We developed a nomogram that can be used to predict surgical outcomes in patients with non-HIV CM.
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Review Meta Analysis
Application of Machine Learning for Classification of Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Classifying brain tumors accurately is crucial for treatment and prognosis. Machine learning (ML) shows great promise in improving tumor classification accuracy. This study evaluates ML algorithms for differentiating various brain tumor types. ⋯ ML demonstrated excellent performance in classifying brain tumor images, with near-maximum area under the curves, sensitivity, and specificity.
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This study aims to introduce the unilateral biplanar screw-rod fixation (UBSF) technique (a hybrid fixation technique: 2 sets of atlantoaxial screws were placed on the same side), which serves as a salvage method for traditional posterior atlantoaxial fixation. To summarize the indications of this technique and to assess its safety, feasibility, and clinical effectiveness in the treatment of odontoid fractures. ⋯ The UBSF technique has been demonstrated to be safe, feasible, and effective in treating odontoid fractures. In cases where the atlantoaxial bone or vascular structure exhibits abnormalities, it can function as a supplementary or alternative approach to the conventional posterior C1-2 fixation.
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Despite centuries of joint investigation of philosophy and neurological interventions, a founding account for the philosophy of neurosurgery has yet to be rigorously constructed or defended. This paper reviews recent work on the philosophy of neurosurgery, spanning metaphysics, epistemology, and value theory, to establish a framework and clinical relevance for study in the philosophy of neurosurgery. ⋯ Based on identified studies, the philosophy of neurosurgery is defined as the discipline of rigorously and methodically addressing metaphysical, epistemological, and value-theoretic questions arising from physically intervening in the nervous system. We discuss future directions for questions within the philosophy of neurosurgery and consider their relevance for patient care and the practice of neurosurgery.