Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
HIV risk reduction among detained adolescents: a randomized, controlled trial.
Criminally involved adolescents engage in high levels of alcohol-related risky sex. A theory-based sexual and alcohol risk-reduction intervention was designed, implemented, and evaluated in juvenile detention facilities. ⋯ Findings support the feasibility of integrating alcohol-specific sexual risk content into a theory-based sexual risk-reduction intervention and provide additional evidence that theory-based interventions are effective at reducing risky sex in this population. There was limited evidence of intervention effects on alcohol-use outcomes. Future research should focus on strengthening the GPI + GMET to most effectively target risky sexual behavior among at-risk adolescents.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Outcome of term infants using apgar scores at 10 minutes following hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
The objective of this study was to determine whether Apgar scores at 10 minutes are associated with death or disability in early childhood after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. ⋯ Apgar scores at 10 minutes provide useful prognostic data before other evaluations are available for infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Death or moderate/severe disability is common but not uniform with Apgar scores of <3; caution is needed before adopting a specific time interval to guide duration of resuscitation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Rectal fecal impaction treatment in childhood constipation: enemas versus high doses oral PEG.
We hypothesized that enemas and polyethylene glycol (PEG) would be equally effective in treating rectal fecal impaction (RFI) but enemas would be less well tolerated and colonic transit time (CTT) would improve during disimpaction. ⋯ Enemas and PEG were equally effective in treating RFI in children. Compared with enemas, PEG caused more fecal incontinence, with comparable behavior scores. The treatments should be considered equally as first-line therapy for RFI.