Arch Neurol Chicago
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Jul 2003
Comparative StudyCinguloparietal atrophy distinguishes Alzheimer disease from semantic dementia.
Progressive brain atrophy is associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) and other dementias. Regional differences in brain atrophy may reflect clinical features of disease. ⋯ Alzheimer disease is associated with a specific pattern of cortical atrophy compared with SD.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Jul 2003
Emergency intubation for respiratory failure in Guillain-Barré syndrome.
The consequences of emergency intubation in Guillain-Barré syndrome are not known. ⋯ Emergency intubation in Guillain-Barré syndrome is uncommon but, when associated with respiratory arrest, can lead to anoxic encephalopathy. Duration of ventilator use and pulmonary morbidity are not increased in these patients.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Jun 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnalysis of outcome in retrieved dropout patients in a rivastigmine vs placebo, 26-week, Alzheimer disease trial.
Treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors improves cognition in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). In studies designed with a washout period at the end of the study, after treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor is discontinued, the cognitive benefits of therapy are no longer apparent following washout. The rivastigmine trials discussed in this article were not designed with a posttreatment washout period at the end of the study. Therefore, to evaluate the effect of discontinuing treatment, we analyzed the retrieved dropout (RDO) population. ⋯ After discontinuation of therapy, rivastigmine-treated patients exhibited less deterioration in cognitive function compared with placebo-treated patients. The less severe worsening of cognition after withdrawal of treatment in patients previously treated with rivastigmine suggests an effect on disease progression.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Jun 2003
Clinical TrialIncreased risk of late posttraumatic seizures associated with inheritance of APOE epsilon4 allele.
Late posttraumatic seizures are a common complication of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Inheritance of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer disease, progression to disability in multiple sclerosis, and poor outcome after traumatic brain injury. ⋯ Inheritance of the APOE epsilon4 allele is associated with increased risk of late posttraumatic seizures. In this cohort, this risk appears to be independent of an effect of epsilon4 on functional outcome. A better understanding of the molecular role of APOE in neurodegenerative diseases may be helpful in developing antiepileptogenic therapies.