Arch Neurol Chicago
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Jun 1981
Case ReportsGuillain-Barré syndrome complicating acute hepatitis B. A case with detailed electrophysiological and immunological studies.
A 61-year old man was seen for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) complicating acute type B hepatitis. Results of detailed electrophysiological studies were characteristic of a severe peripheral neuropathy of the segmental demyelinating type. Immunological studies demonstrated cell-mediated sensitization to peripheral nerve basic protein. Twenty-six cases of GBS complicating viral hepatitis were analyzed for age, sex, temporal relationship of the onset of the hepatitis to that of the polyneuritis, and outcome.
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Patients with anoxic coma had a cyclic, downward dipping motion of the eyes. The sign is different from ocular bobbing, seizure-related eye deviation, oculogyric crisis, and roving eye movement. Its distinguishing characteristics are slow downward with rapid upward movement, a nadir at the extreme of downgaze, and spontaneous roving horizontal eye movements. Based on necropsy findings in one case and lesions of the basal ganglia evident on computerized tomographic scan in another, it is proposed that cortical dysfunction with damage to the basal ganglia may cause ocular dipping.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Sep 1980
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and intraventricular hemorrhage. A pathogenetic model.
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are important causes of death and neurologic and intellectual dysfunction. Both lesions are related to perinatal asphyxia, and the aim of our review is to establish a comprehensive pathogenetic model. Our previous finding that cerebral blood flow is pressure-passive in perinatal distress is crucial, as periods of hypertension and hypotension alternate in the distressed infant. ⋯ Intraventricular hemorrhage induces vasospasm and ischemia. Ischemia is the direct result of hypotension. Cerebral blood flow studies performed a few hours after birth with subsequent examinations at one year of age point to a decisive effect of neonatal ischemia on subsequent development.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Feb 1980
Case ReportsCerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to indwelling transvenous pacemaker catheter.
Venous thrombosis from transvenous cardiac pacemakers may result in thromboembolism and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Although uncommon, both are potentially fatal complications. The latter is not well appreciated. The patient described illustrates this entity and the spectrum of venous thrombosis as a complication of intravascular foreign bodies is discussed.