Gastroen Clin Biol
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Before highly active antiretroviral therapy were available, disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection was common in adults with HIV. Diagnosis was often made by blood culture in these immunocompromised patients. Although Mycobacterium avium complex disease can involve any organ of the body, infection of serosal surfaces is very rare. ⋯ Diagnosis was made by culture of a lymphocytic ascites which showed Mycobacterium avium complex at 4 weeks. Interestingly, blood and hepatic cultures remained negative. At three months, marked improvement occurred with antimycobacterial treatment, so that orthotopic liver transplantation could be performed.