Arch Med Sci
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HNF-4α is a member of the steroid hormone receptor family of transcription factors with roles in the development of the liver and the regulation of several critical metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, drug metabolism, apolipoproteins and blood coagulation. The transcriptional potency of HNF-4α is well known due to its involvement in diabetes and other metabolic diseases. ⋯ We review HNF-4α structure and function, and its role in haematological disorders. We discuss possible novel therapies that are based on targeting HNF-4α.
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship of gene polymorphisms and fat mass (FM) in Chinese population. ⋯ The results suggest that the RASAL1 gene and the PALLD gene might contribute to variability of trunk FM in healthy Chinese Han people. The PTPRS gene is potentially correlated with leg FM. Our findings provide a clue in fat metabolism.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the initiation and progression of malignant tumor. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether LINC00336 contributes to the tumorigenesis of bladder cancer (BCa). ⋯ These findings indicated that LINC00336 might serve as an oncogene in the initiation and progression of BCa, and LINC00336 may be a valuable and promising therapeutic target for the treatment of BCa.
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Sodium is the main cation in the extracellular space. In physiological conditions, sodium concentration in plasma is 135-145 mmol/l. The kidneys play the most important role in the regulation of sodium homeostasis. ⋯ Treatment of hyponatremia depends on the degree and duration (acute or chronic) of hyponatremia as well as presence of clinical symptoms. Too rapid correction of hyponatremia might result in a potentially fatal osmotic demyelinating syndrome. In the present review paper, pathophysiology and management of hyponatremia in patients with arterial hypertension are discussed.
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In chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), an increase in venous pressure causes the passage of intravascular blood cells and molecules into the surrounding tissues and induces histopathological changes in the lower extremities, leading to increased pigmentation in the legs, ulceration, and tissue loss to various degrees. This study aimed to investigate whether an increase in venous pressure in the coronary veins can lead to the aforementioned histopathological changes. ⋯ This experimental study showed for the first time the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in myocardial tissue, similar to those observed in CVI, as a result of increased coronary venous pressure due to coronary vein ligation. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical implications of these results.