Arch Med Sci
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Studies have shown long non-coding RNAs to be involved in a wide array of cancer-related processes. This study analyzed the role of LncRNA GAL1 in osteosarcoma cancer proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells. ⋯ Long ncRNA GASL1 inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma cancer cells. Cell apoptosis was promoted via inactivation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Taken together LncRNA GAL1 may prove to be a beneficial therapeutic target in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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The immune system is frequently described in the context of its protective function against infections and its role in the development of autoimmunity. For more than a decade, the interactions between the immune system and metabolic processes have been reported, in effect creating a new research field, termed immunometabolism. ⋯ In this review, the main factors capable of altering the immuno-metabolic communication leading to the development and establishment of obesity and diabetes are comprehensively presented. Tissue-specific immune responses suggested to impair metabolic processes are described, with an emphasis on the adipose tissue, gut, muscle, liver, and pancreas.
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To evaluate the relationship between electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use and the risk of stroke when compared to non-smokers. ⋯ The ENDS usage appears to be associated with a higher risk of stroke compared to non-use, whereas there was no association between former ENDS use and the risk of stroke.
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There is no consensus about the standardized uptake value maximum (SUVmax) cut-off value to characterize pleural thickening worldwide. Sometimes, this causes unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures. Our first aim is to determine a cut-off value for SUVmax. Secondly, we try to answer the following question: If we use this cut-off value together with morphological parameters, can we differentiate benign thickening from malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) more accurately? ⋯ If a patient has SUVmax > 4.0 and/or size > 14 mm, the risk of MPM is high. These patients should undergo biopsy. If a patient's SUVmax < 4.0, size < 14 mm and does not have pleural effusion, he/she has low risk for MPM. These patients can undergo the follow-up. If a patient's SUVmax < 4, size < 14, and has pleural effusion the MPM risk is approximately 4%. These patients can undergo biopsy/cytology/follow-up. Novel studies are needed for these patients.
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Lymph node metastasis (LNM) and lymph node micrometastasis (LNMM) are prognostic factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether mucin 1 expression detected by immunohistochemistry in lymph nodes correlates with LNM, LNMM and prognosis in ESCC patients. ⋯ Mucin 1 expression was related to LNM and LNMM and poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Immunohistochemistry for mucin 1 can be applied for the detection of LNM and LNMM.