Bmc Med
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The use of surveillance technologies is becoming increasingly common in inpatient mental health settings, commonly justified as efforts to improve safety and cost-effectiveness. However, their use has been questioned in light of limited research conducted and the sensitivities, ethical concerns and potential harms of surveillance. This systematic review aims to (1) map how surveillance technologies have been employed in inpatient mental health settings, (2) explore how they are experienced by patients, staff and carers and (3) examine evidence regarding their impact. ⋯ There is currently insufficient evidence to suggest that surveillance technologies in inpatient mental health settings are achieving their intended outcomes, such as improving safety and reducing costs. The studies were generally of low methodological quality, lacked lived experience involvement, and a substantial proportion (28.1%) declared conflicts of interest. Further independent coproduced research is needed to more comprehensively evaluate the impact of surveillance technologies in inpatient settings. If they are to be implemented, all key stakeholders should be engaged in the development of policies, procedures and best practice guidance to regulate their use, prioritising patients' perspectives.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Characterizing the pharmacological interaction of the antimalarial combination artefenomel-piperaquine in healthy volunteers with induced blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum to predict efficacy in patients with malaria.
The combination antimalarial artefenomel-piperaquine failed to achieve target efficacy in a phase 2b study in Africa and Vietnam. We retrospectively evaluated whether characterizing the pharmacological interaction of this antimalarial combination in a volunteer infection study (VIS) would have enabled prediction of the phase 2b study results. ⋯ These results indicate that VIS offer an efficient means for informing antimalarial combination trials conducted in the field, potentially expediting clinical development.
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Multicenter Study
Exploring the link between dietary patterns and gastric adenocarcinoma in Brazil: a mediation analysis.
The causal pathway between different dietary patterns (DPs) and gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) remains largely unexplored. The study aimed to identify DPs and evaluate how selected nutrients mediate the relationship between DPs and GA. ⋯ This study contributes innovative insights into the DPs-GA relationships, highlighting the significant mediating roles of sodium and added sugars, offering valuable information for preventive strategies and public health interventions targeting GA.
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It is not clear if conventional liver fat cutoff of 5.56% weight which has been used for identifying fatty liver in western populations is also applicable for Asians. In Asian women of reproductive age, we evaluate the optimum metabolic syndrome (MetS)-linked liver fat cutoff, the specific metabolomic alterations apparent at this cutoff, as well as prospective associations of preconception liver fat levels with gestational dysglycemia. ⋯ In Asian women of reproductive age, moderate liver fat accumulation below the conventional fatty liver cutoff was not metabolically benign and was linked to gestational dysglycemia. The newly derived cutoff can aid in screening individuals before adverse metabolic phenotypes have consolidated, which provides a longer window for preventive strategies.
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Effective screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) enables earlier diagnosis and intervention to improve patient survival. ⋯ Our study demonstrated that ColonAiQ assay effectively identifies high-risk population. These findings strongly suggest that the ColonAiQ assay represents a promising strategy for the early detection of CRC and AA in individuals at average risk.