Bratisl Med J
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Recently, a possible role of circadian system in the pathogenesis of various gastrointestinal disorders gained an attention. The association of circadian system with immune system activity and reciprocal connection with intestinal microbiota indicate possible links with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). ⋯ Decreased core circadian proteins expression in colonic mucosa and in intramucosal inflammatory cells of IBD patients indicated a circadian rhythm deregulation as contributing factor in the development of IBD. To our knowledge, this is so far the most extensive immunohistochemical analysis performed on the samples of IBD patients evaluating the changes in circadian protein expression in the intestinal mucosa (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 31).
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To assess how laparoscopy has altered the presentation of patients with gallbladder cancer and determine whether radical resection in patients with gallbladder cancer is beneficial. ⋯ Laparoscopic cholecystectomy resulted in an earlier discovery of gallbladder cancer in some patients, resulting in increased probability of survival. Adjunctive radical surgical resection, either at the time of cholecystectomy or subsequently, increases survival significantly in early stage disease (Tab.2, Fig. 2, Ref. 24). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: gallbladder carcinoma, laparoscopic approach.
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Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) belong to an expanding group of rare genetic metabolic disorders caused by defects in the complex chemical enzymatic process of glycosylation. The study is aimed at presenting a case report of a premature dysmorphic newborn, clinical presentation of the condition, the way it was diagnosed and treated, as well as its comparison with the known cases. ⋯ CDG have an extremely wide clinical spectrum and should be considered in any child with unexplained developmental delay, failure to thrive, seizures, and abnormalities in liver enzymes, coagulation and immunologic factors. The treatment of most forms of CDG depends upon numerous factors such as specific symptoms present, severity of the disorder, age and overall health of the patients and tolerance to certain medications or procedures. For these reasons, the treatment is specific for every individual. It is based on the symptoms and requires a coordination of efforts of a team of specialists (Tab. 4, Fig. 3, Ref. 19).
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It remains unclear, why only some patients form alloantibodies against foreign RBC antigens. Transfusion of red blood cell (RBC) products and pregnancy are the most relevant causes of immunization against RBC alloantigens. Here we investigated the relationship between RBC alloantibodies, Rh phenotype, and HLA phenotype among patients with multiple RBC alloantibodiesMETHODS: In a group of 124 multi-responders ‒ including both pregnant women and transplant recipients ‒ we analysed the distribution of HLA-Class II variants in subgroups of multi-responders to RBC alloantigens according to their Rh status. ⋯ Our present findings showed that RBC multispecific alloimmunization was associated with particular HLA-Class II variants based on Rh status (Tab. 3, Ref. 22).
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This study was aimed to investigate the risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19. ⋯ Findings showed that elderly with comorbidities such as cerebrovascular diseases had an increased risk of death. Some complications such as: pneumonia, septic shock, ARDS, AHF, and AKF played crucial roles as well death (Tab. 2, Ref. 25).