Dtsch Arztebl Int
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Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) refers to a group of disorders in which there is compression of and/or damage to the neurovascular structures at the thoracic outlet, i.e., at the transition from chest to neck. The incidence of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS) is estimated to be 2-3 / 100 000 / year, with an estimated prevalence of 10 / 100 000. Patients present with upper extremity sensorimotor symptoms that are often related to movement. The aim of the present article is to highlight the clinical presentation patterns of nTOS and to provide an overview of its diagnosis and treatment. ⋯ Although nTOS is the most common form of TOS, studies on its treatment are currently limited in terms of numbers and quality. The type of surgical management varies according to the experience and preference of the surgeon, treating specialty, special anatomic features, and clinical symptoms.
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The first coronary artery bypass operation (CABG) was performed on May 2, 1960. The first percutaneous coro - nary intervention (PCI) was performed almost 20 years later. Since then, the invasive treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) has moved into the spotlight of cardiac medical care. ⋯ Conservative treatment is always the baseline treatment and has undergone major advances in the last few decades. Moreover, non-invasive coronary evaluation with computed tomography, as well as non-invasive cardiac stress imaging studies, are increasingly replacing primary invasive coronary evaluations. In this review, we illustrate a mechanistic concept of the appropriate use of CABG and PCI that can improve patient care, while underscoring the importance of interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the exposure-risk relationship between psychosocial occupational stress and mental illness. ⋯ Psychosocial occupational stress is clearly associated with depression and anxiety disorders.
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Millions of people in Germany wear contact lenses every day. Deficient contact lens hygiene can lead to corneal infection. Contact lens-associated keratitis usually has a highly acute presentation and can cause long-term visual loss. ⋯ The wearing of contact lenses, particularly soft ones, is associated with a risk of microbial keratitis if proper contact lens hygiene is not exercised. Contact lens-associated keratitis very rarely causes permanent damage to eyesight (0.6 cases per 10 000 contact lens wearers per year). The use of contact lenses always calls for meticulous care.
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Pre-prints have become an increasing part of the biomedical landscape. For example, during the first month of operation, July 2019, medRxiv received 176 submissions, one year later, in June 2020, including the first few months of COVID-19, it received 1866 submissions. The current relevant question is how to ensure an accurate scientific record given that there may be important differences between a pre-print and the peer-reviewed publication. ⋯ Authors, those responsible for pre-print servers, and editors of peer- reviewed journals are responsible for ensuring an accurate scientific record.