Gac Med Mex
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Family history of thyroid disease (FHTD) constitutes a possible risk factor for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the general population; however, FHTD possible relationship with CH in subjects with Down syndrome (DS) has not yet been explored. ⋯ Newborns with DS and FHTD have an eight-fold higher risk for CH, particularly when the index case is male. FHTD detailed evaluation can be an easy and accessible strategy to identify those newborns with DS at higher risk for CH.
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPases (SERCA) enzymes are essential for intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. SERCA genes (ATP2A1-3) encode for different functional isoforms of the protein, whose expression or function is altered in several types of cancer, such as gastric and oral, as well as colon, breast, lung, thyroid, liver, and prostate cancer, among others. However, the role played by SERCA pumps in carcinogenesis is unknown. ⋯ SERCA expression might function as a tool to differentiate breast cancer subtypes, which have different treatment requirements.
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Regional parafoveal vessel density changes have not been characterized in patients with type 2 diabetes without retinopathy. ⋯ Parafoveal inner vessel density decreases in diabetic patients without retinopathy at the expense of superior and nasal quadrants, which indicates that further evaluation is required for early microvascular disease to be detected.
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Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) has shown sensitivity in the detection of macular edema. ⋯ In DME, composite indices with baseline FAF predict variables such as BCVA in the follow-up of patients receiving ziv-AFL.
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Medical education has implemented various innovative strategies with the purpose to attain better learning achievements. An evaluation is made of the experiences in the competencies approach, new learning technologies, curricular alternatives, professional evaluation and distance education technologies in order to locate them in the areas they belong.