Niger J Clin Pract
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of using phase-contrast microscopy on oral hygiene training of patients receiving orthodontic treatment: A randomized controlled study.
To investigate of effects of using phase-contrast video technique on education in oral hygiene training. This one blind, parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary clinic. Fifty-three patients who presented to the orthodontics department aged 12-20 years were divided into two groups randomly by computer-generated assigned codes to receive oral hygiene education. The participants were blinded to type of education method. Before orthodontic therapy, the control group was trained only by the conventional method, while the test group was trained by phase-contrast video microscopy method in addition to conventional method. Some images and videos of moving microorganisms in dental plaque were shown to the patients in test group on a computer monitor. ⋯ The training with phase-contrast microscopy has a more positive effect than the traditional method in oral hygiene education.
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In this study, using Beck depression inventory (BDI), we aimed to determine alterations in the emotional state of patients who had impacted third molars (M3) extracted owing to postoperative pain, edema, and trismus.In this prospective clinical trial, which was conducted at Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, we studied 60 patients (30 males and 30 females), who were 18-47 years old (the mean of 25.6 years of age). The patients with M3 with moderate preoperative pain intensities, edema, and maximal mouth opening (MMO) data were recorded, and BDI was applied to determine their emotional states. The patients were re-evaluated using BDI to detect alterations in their emotional state owing to pain intensity, edema, and trismus on postoperative second and seventh day. ⋯ Our results suggest that the pain and trismus owing to the M3 surgery were significantly correlated with an increase in the postoperative BDI scores.
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Vision screening in children of preschool age (age 3-5 years) gives the opportunity for timely detection of amblyopia. The tools that would be used for screening must have high rates of testability in these young children, and must have high enough sensitivity and specificity to be reliable and cost effective. ⋯ The Lea symbols chart was found to be a useful screening tool in this environment, especially among 5 year olds. The reduced specificity among 3-4 year olds may prompt further research into the appropriate VA thresholds for 3-4 year olds to reduce the burden of unnecessary comprehensive eye evaluations resulting from too many false positive results.
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Osteoarthritis secondary to osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common presentation in patients with sickle cell disease. Functional limitations with or without deformities from these complications of sickle cell disease often require Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) to improve outcome. ⋯ THA is a viable and effective treatment modality for sickle cell disease patients with osteonecrosis and secondary hip osteoarthritis. The choice of surgical approach does not affect the outcome.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common late complication in liver-transplanted patients who have received long-term therapy with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs). Aims: To analyze kidney disease progression after liver transplantation. ⋯ We confirmed that eGFR at 2 years after liver transplantation is useful for observing a meaningful change in eGFR and renal damage. Obtaining the appropriate serum concentration of an early decrease of the dose of CNIs and transforming non-nephrotoxic immunosuppressants would help improve renal function to prevent CKD progression and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).