Pak J Med Sci
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To investigate the effect of pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP) on Optic nerve head blood flow with OCT angiography in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. ⋯ OCT angiography revealed there is significantly reduced optic nerve head blood flow in PRP treated eyes compared to non-PRP treated eyes.
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Sigmoid volvulus (SV), the wrapping of the sigmoid colon around itself, is a rare colonic obstruction form. SV requires emergency endoscopic or surgical treatment following an urgent resuscitation and the prognosis is relatively poor. ⋯ Thereafter, a great number of relevant subjects were discussed in the literature. The aim of this study is to update the present classification system in light of above-mentioned discussions and our experience with 1,028 SV patients, which is the largest single-centre SV series over the world.
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Leishmaniasis is endemic in Saudi Arabia with cases reported in many regions. This review refers to publications on leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia and discusses issues related to parasite species, clinical manifestation and diagnosis. ⋯ This report summarizes the potential risks for VL and CL in Saudi Arabia in areas known to be non-endemic. There are substantial gaps in knowledge and practices in regard to leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia, highlighting the need for more research and medical surveillance targeting the disease in humans and animals.