Pak J Med Sci
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Triple negative and triple positive breast cancer have adverse effects than other types of breast cancer. However, triple negative has poor prognosis with short survival as compared with triple positive breast cancer. Good prognosis is one of the key factors for successful treatment trial. This study aimed to find out the association of sociodemographic and reproductive features like parity, menopause, number of child bearing as risk factors in the development and prognosis of triple negative and triple positive breast cancer. ⋯ Reproductive factors have more pathological implications than sociodemographic factors in both triple positive and triple negative breast cancer development. These findings might prove to be beneficial for effective and better breast cancer management.
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Although many studies worldwide explained the risk factors for developing Diabetic Foot Ulceration (DFU), little has been done to assess medical factors in DFU formation and link them in patients of Pakistan. This study aimed to link the DFU with different risk factors. ⋯ Factors like obesity, waist circumference, combination of oral along with injectable therapies, neuropathy, dyslipidemia, retinopathy and poor compliance with medication were statistically significant and can be strongly linked with diabetic foot ulcer. Middle age, Male gender, Type 2 diabetes, and Hypertension were insignificantly co-related. However, further studies are needed in larger population to support these findings.
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To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in postoperative patients. ⋯ The prevalence of VTE in the present study is lower than that in other studies. Because surgery is a risk factor for VTE, patients who will be operated should be assessed. Considering the present results, we can assume that patients' conditions are not being assessed appropriately. In addition, findings indicate that a standard for preventing VTE has not yet been established.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Breast Arterial Calcification (BAC) on mammography and the 10-year fatal Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk by using SCORE risk system. ⋯ BAC on mammography was found to be related to the 10-year fatal CVD risk as calculated by the SCORE risk score system. Additional large-scale prospective studies are required to further assess whether BAC can be considered a useful screening tool for CVD risk prediction in women who screened for breast cancer by mammography.
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The effectiveness of oral antiviral (Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir) in treating children with HCV infection.
To determine the efficacy of (Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir) in treating children with HCV infection. ⋯ Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir is effective in treating HCV in children, and is well tolerated.