Saudi Med J
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To estimate the prevalence mono-resistant tuberculosis (MR-TB) and multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB), and evaluate the risk factors associated with the drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). ⋯ Rates of DR-TB reported in the study are considered higher compared to the recently reported national and international rates. According to the results, only younger people are at risk of developing DR-TB. Moreover, genetic mutation may play a role in drug resistance among our cases specifically for pyrazinamide monoresistance.
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To assess the sex hormone levels in young Saudi female migraineurs during a migraine attack and during pain-free periods and compare them with control subjects. ⋯ High estrogen levels were found to mediate NMM, their effect being more pronounced with increase in BMI; whereas low luteal estrogen levels mediated MM. Young females with MM might have high luteal testosterone levels, and a compensatory protective role could be surmised accordingly.
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To compare the clinicopathological, histological and immunohistochemical features of breast cancer (BC) in between young (≤40 years) and older (>40 years) patients. ⋯ Although BC in young women is uncommon, it may be different with regards to poor prognostic outcomes, which are attributed to more aggressive histopathological features and less favorable receptor status when compared to the cases diagnosed in older women.
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To optimize an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring the HspX protein (α-crystallin) levels and then evaluate its correlation with the accumulation of lipid bodies in Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) during hypoxia and exposure to nitric oxide. ⋯ The optimized ELISA protocol in this study can detect HspX protein levels in M. bovis growing in normal and hypoxic environments. Importantly, hypoxia led to enhanced expression of HspX protein, which correlated with the enhanced production of lipid bodies. Lipid body production is a survival strategy of pathogenic mycobacteria.