W Indian Med J
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To evaluate the usefulness of the Forrest classification and the complete Rockall score with customary cut-off values for assessing the risk of adverse events in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGI-B) subject to after-hours emergency oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (E-EGD) within six hours after admission. ⋯ In patients with UGI-B subject to after-hours endoscopy, a 'high-risk' Rockall score permits an estimation of the risk of death within 30 days but not of re-bleeding. A 'high-risk' Forrest score is not significantly associated with the study endpoints.
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Nontyphoidal Salmonella infections often present with self-limited gastroenteritis. Extraintestinal focal infections are uncommon but have high mortality and morbidity. Urinary tract infection caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella is usually associated with structural abnormalities of the urinary tract. ⋯ Salmonella Group D was isolated from his urine specimen. Salmonella should be considered as a possible causality organism in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and nephrocalcinosis who develop urinary tract infection. These patients need to be aware of the potential risks associated with salmonellosis.
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Whipple's disease is a rare multi-organ infectious disease caused by Tropheryma whipplei. It is fatal without treatment. We report on a 40-year old Afro-Jamaican man who presented with a six-month history of weight loss and diarrhoea. ⋯ Electron microscopy was confirmatory and polymerase chain reaction testing conclusively identified the organisms as T whipplei. Antibiotic treatment resulted in resolution of symptoms. Although the diagnosis of Whipple's disease is difficult, increased awareness should lead to an increase in reported cases with the improvements in diagnostic capabilities.
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Some kidney diseases are usually associated with changes in kidney size. ⋯ Sonographic determination of pathologic changes in the size of the kidneys necessitates knowing the normal ranges of its lengths especially with respect to height in school-age children.
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Medical student research involvement has evolved to be a core component of medical education and is becoming increasingly vital to success in the United States residency match. We sought to develop a research website allowing students and research faculty to collaborate and complete projects online. ⋯ A web-based MSRI provides a virtual, entirely online resource for coordinating remote research collaboration between medical students and faculty whose opportunities would be otherwise limited. Initial experiences with the programme have been positive and the framework and concept of the MSRI provides a platform for university and medical schools to provide research opportunities to students who may not have face-to-face access to research faculty.