Scand J Urol Nephrol
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Treatment for childhood nocturnal enuresis emphasizes either a psychological or pharmacological approach. The enuresis alarm, in comparative studies, has emerged as the most effective psychological treatment. In this review we investigate both outcome rates and influential factors from recently published studies. ⋯ The enuresis alarm is an effective intervention for children with nocturnal enuresis. There are a number of factors, both pre- and within-treatment, that appear to influence its effectiveness and may assist clinical decisions concerning its appropriateness for any particular child.
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Jan 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialQuality of life in patients with skeletal metastases of prostate cancer and status prior to start of endocrine therapy: results from the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study 5.
Prostate cancer (PC) is a highly lethal neoplastic disease affecting the physical, mental and social well-being of patients, i.e. their quality of life (QOL). Patients suffering from metastatic PC are faced with serious decisions regarding treatment strategies. Therefore, QOL information has become a crucial element of decision making in this group of patients. The first objective of this study was to describe QOL in a group of patients diagnosed with metastatic PC and skeletal metastases. At the time of evaluation the patients had not received any treatment but were evaluated before entering a study of androgen-modulating therapy (the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group study 5). The second objective was to identify demographic and disease-related factors affecting QOL. ⋯ Patients with metastatic PC have reduced QOL. Our findings are in line with those of other studies of QOL among patients with this disease as evaluated by means of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Baseline data from studies like this provide important information when treatment modalities for PC are evaluated.
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Jan 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialLocal anesthesia in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: EMLA cream as a new alternative technique.
The aims of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy of eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream in transrectal-guided prostate biopsy and to compare its effect with that of other injectable anesthetic procedures. ⋯ Intrarectal application of EMLA cream provides equal anesthesia to periprostatic nerve blockade with prilocaine and lidocaine.
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Jan 2005
Case ReportsGenitourinary manifestations of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: report of two cases managed with systemic alpha-interferon.
We present our experience of two cases with genitourinary manifestations of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. A MEDLINE search for the period 2001-2004 was done using the keywords "Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome", "vascular malformation" and "genitourinary". ⋯ Genitourinary problems are rare in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome; however, their management may be a challenge for the urologist. In one of our patients who failed to respond to endoscopic laser coagulation and partial cystectomy we used systemic alpha-interferon, with a good short-term response.
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Jan 2005
Comparative StudyBulboprostatic anastomotic urethroplasty with preservation of potency: anatomical study, operative approach and clinical results.
OBJECTIVE. To identify the precise anatomy of the membranous and bulbous urethrae and their relation to the neurovascular bundles (cavernous nerves and vessels). Based on the findings, a modified surgical technique was developed to preserve potency by avoiding injury to the neurovascular bundles during surgery on the posterior urethra. ⋯ Our technique of neurovascular bundle preservation during bulboprostatic anastomotic urethroplasty may solve the problem of postoperative impotence.