Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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A 57-year-old female patient underwent combined off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and abdominal aortic aneurysm replacement. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol, fentanyl, and thoracic epidural anesthesia. Propofol doses were adjusted to maintain bispectral index (BIS) between 40-60. ⋯ The average dose of propofol was 3.3 mg.kg-1.hr-1. The patient awoke an hour after the surgery and was extubated 1.5 hours thereafter. This case report suggests that BIS is a useful index to determine the depth of anesthesia during surgeries which induce marked hemodynamic changes.
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Comparative Study
[Cerebral autoregulation during sevoflurane or isoflurane anesthesia: evaluation with transient hyperemic response].
We investigated dynamic cerebral autoregulation during N2O-O2/fentanyl anesthesia (baseline) plus 1.0 and 2.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentrations (MAC) of sevoflurane or isoflurane anesthesia in 14 patients undergoing non-neurosurgical operation. Cerebral blood flow velocity in the right middle cerebral artery (Vmca) was measured continuously using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. At normocapnia, dynamic cerebral autoregulation was tested by transient hyperemic response (a response of Vmca after a brief compression of the ipsilateral common carotid artery). ⋯ In contrast, THRR values were 1.17 +/- 0.03, 1.07 +/- 0.02, and 1.01 +/- 0.01 during baseline, 1.0, and 2.0 MAC isoflurane anesthesia, respectively. THRR was significantly attenuated in a dose dependent manner during isoflurane anesthesia. These results indicate that dynamic cerebral autoregulation is preserved during 2.0 MAC sevoflurane anesthesia, but not during 1.0 MAC isoflurane anesthesia.
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Comparative Study
[An electrophysiological study of ropivacaine on excised cervical vagus nerves of rabbit].
Ropivacaine, a new long acting local anaesthetic of amide type is structurally related to mepivacaine and bupivacaine. This study was designed to compare the in vitro potency and neurotoxicity of ropivacaine with those of other commercially available local anaesthetics using an isolated rabbit vagus nerve model. ⋯ Electron microscopic observation showed that ropivacaine did not destroy any peripheral nervous structures in concentrations up to 0.75%. When the neurotoxic effect of ropivacaine was compared, in terms of risk ratio (clinically used concentration/concentrations producing 2 hr irreversible block), with that of commercially available local anesthetics, the rank oder was dibucaine, tetracaine, lidocaine, bupivacaine and ropivacaine.