Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Comparison of double-segment technique with single-space technique for cesarean section using combined spinal epidural anesthesia].
In patients scheduled for cesarean section (c-section) using combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA), we compared the cephalad spreading speed during double-segment technique (DST) with that of single-space technique (SST) of CSEA. In the patients of SST group (n = 169), a 17-G Tuohy needle was introduced at the L 3-4, and then a long spinal needle was inserted through the Tuohy needle. In the patients of DST group (n = 16), a Tuohy needle was introduced at the T 11-12, and a spinal needle was inserted at the L 3-4. ⋯ Two patients in SST group, epidural catheterization was not possible. There were no difference in the incidences of hypotension, nausea and dyspnea between the groups. We conclude from these results that DST for CSEA is preferable to SST for c-section.
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Drug dosage and appropriate size of medical equipment for emergency pediatric patients are determined by age, body weight and/or height. In an emergency situation, however, such information about the patients is not always clear. Body height is easily measured when the patient lies down supine. ⋯ We studied the reliability of this tape in pediatric anesthesia. Body weight estimated from the tape was accurate, and predicted size of ETT and LTD was appropriate. PES Tape is a reliable tool in pediatric emergency.
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We conducted several tests for predicting the difficult intubation airway in 476 patients excluding those with neck disease and anatomical abnormalities. The evaluation was performed using four methods. 1. The size of the tongue in relation to the oral cavity (Mallampani test: M-T). 2. ⋯ The atranto-occipital joint extension (AOJE). Of these four methods, M-T was the best predictor of a difficult airway. However, all of these four methods may be good predictors, employing modified criteria which include M-T = class 2, 3, 4, H-D = less than 3.0 cm, T-D = less than 6.0 cm, and AOJE = less than 35 degrees.