Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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The present study was carried out to clarify the effects of lung collapse for one lung ventilation on respiratory system impedance during thoracic surgery. We measured the impedances of respiratory system (RS) in eight paralyzed subjects under anesthesia employing a pseudorandom noise forced volume oscillation technique. These measurements were performed before and after the one lung ventilation. ⋯ The mathematical modeling showed no significant effect of one lung ventilation on all the parameters of airway and parenchyma. There was no difference in model fit of the parameters, indicated by the presence of the goodness-of-fit parameter (chi 2), before and after lung collapse. In conclusion, lung collapse during one lung ventilation does not change low frequency respiratory mechanics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Anesthesia induction for laryngeal mask insertion--comparison among sevoflurane, isoflurane and propofol].
We compared the patient's response to laryngeal mask (LM) insertion and hemodynamics among three anesthesia induction methods; S group used sevoflurane and slowly increased to 5% in 50% nitrous oxide; I group used isoflurane and slowly increased to 3% in 50% nitrous oxide; and P group used 2.5 mg.kg-1 propofol with 0.2 microgram.kg-1 fentanyl. Thirty patients, 35 to 65 years, for elective mastectomy were the subjects of study in each of the three groups. Preanesthetic medication was composed of i.m. injection of 0.5 mg atropine and 5 mg midazolam 30 min. prior to the induction. ⋯ Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rate pressure product (RPP) in the P group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups. I group showed significant increase in BP, HR and RPP. It was concluded that sevoflurane enabled the most smooth insertion of LM among the three methods of anesthesia with the least hemodynamic change.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Comparison of propofol and pentazocine combined with thiamylal for laryngeal mask insertion].
We evaluated the combination of pentazocine and thiamylal as induction agents for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion and compared this with propofol. Ninety-four patients, ASA grade 1 or 2, were randomly assigned to one of four induction groups as follows; group P: propofol 2.5 mg.kg-1, group p 0.3: pentazocine 0.3 mg.kg-1 followed by thiamylal 5 mg.kg-1, group p 0.6: pentazocine 0.6 mg.kg-1 followed by thiamylal 5 mg.kg-1, and group T: thiamylal 5 mg.kg-1. In group T (n = 5), insertion of LMA was impossible due to inadequate anesthesia. ⋯ Heart rate did not show any significant change. We conclude that the induction with the combination of pentazocine and thiamylal provides suitable conditions for LMA insertion with more stable hemodynamics compared with propofol. Doses of 0.3 mg.kg-1 seem to be desirable for LMA insertion.