Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine
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We conducted a multicenter survey of patients who were transported to emergency facilities in Japan from January 2006 to December 2012 after consuming dangerous drugs. Participants were 518 patients. ⋯ Of the 182 patients admitted to hospitals, 29 needed respirators and 21 were hospitalized for ≥ 7 days. Although most patients completely recovered, consuming dangerous drugs can result in physical complications including rhabdomyolysis, as well as physical or neuropsychiatric symptoms, which may require active interventions such as respirator use or prolonged hospitalization.
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The prevalence of alcohol dependence in Japan was 0.9% in 2013, but up to 16% adults drink alcohol at levels of unhealthy use. Primary care physicians play an important role in recognizing alcohol use disorder, helping patients change their behavior, and preventing its medical complications. The Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) model is an evidence-based, cost-effective intervention implemented worldwide to reduce alcohol use disorder.
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Up to the present, several genes have been identified as drivers for lung carcinogenesis, and their aberrations have been shown to be linked with differential response to therapy. Optimized treatments are, therefore, important in the situation that we have options for treatments by driver gene aberrations. ⋯ In addition, circulating cell-free tumor DNA in plasma as a "liquid biopsy" opens a great hope for noninvasive molecular diagnosis. This article will highlight findings of recent comprehensive genome analysis to improve precision lung cancer medicine.
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A potent, rapid acting potassium-competitive acid blocker, vonoprazan, is introduced for clinical use in Japan. A number of phase III clinical trials comparing the efficacy of vonoprazan with lansoprazole, showed non-inferior or superior effectiveness in a spectrum of acid-related diseases. ⋯ The adverse events across these trials were comparable with the standard dose of lansoprazole. As a consequence of profound acid suppression, serum gastrin during vonoprazan therapy rose to much higher levels than those during lansoprazole therapy, pointing to a requirement for the assurance of long-term safety of vonoprazan.