Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1984
Comparative StudyEffect of bicarbonate, phosphate, and saline lavage solutions on the dissolution of ferrous sulfate tablets.
The liberation of iron from ferrous sulfate tablets was studied in vitro to determine the influence of typical lavage solutions used to treat iron poisoning. In separate experiments, one or six tablets were immersed in simulated gastric fluid that contained bicarbonate, phosphate, or normal saline. ⋯ The clinical significance of these findings is difficult to assess without correlation in vivo. Studies comparing the lavage solutions for iron poisoning should consider the wide intertablet variability in dissolution, the retardation of iron liberation from multiple tablets by bicarbonate and phosphate, and the use of iron tablets instead of iron solutions.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1984
Review Case ReportsParenteral administration of hydrocarbons.
Two cases of subcutaneously administered hydrocarbon based products are presented and the literature reviewed. The toxicity associated with subcutaneous administration is limited to the site of injection producing cellulitis and sterile abscess formation. Management is discussed with emphasis on the importance of incision and drainage of developing abscesses. Perceived toxicity and ready availability of these products suggests that similar exposures can be expected.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1984
Case ReportsCharcoal hemoperfusion in the treatment of two cases of acute carbamazepine poisoning.
Charcoal hemoperfusion is effective in the treatment of acute carbamazepine (CBZ) poisoning, its efficacy depending on the metabolic capacity of the patient involved. This was assessed in two cases of CBZ poisoning in which CBZ and its metabolite carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZO) were monitored. One patient had not been treated with CBZ or other enzyme-inducing drugs before the overdose ingestion. ⋯ The erythrocyte/plasma concentration ratios of CBZ were 0.90 +/- 0.11 (mean +/- s.d.) and 1.36 +/- 0.10. CBZO was 30-40 per cent more concentrated in erythrocytes than was CBZ. The erythrocyte/plasma concentration ratios of CBZO were 1.36 +/- 0.10 and 1.80 +/- 0.23.