Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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A six-year-old child inadvertently received an IV solution containing lidocaine HCl. An estimated total dose of 1.2 gm. was administered over approximately an hour. The child had asystole and grand mal seizures associated with lidocaine serum concentration of 19.2 mcg/ml. The pharmacokinetics of lidocaine overdose and treatment are discussed.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1986
Serum osmolal gap and ethanol concentration: a simple and accurate formula.
The estimation of serum ethanol concentration by measurement of serum osmolality has been re-evaluated. A formula for calculation of serum osmolality was first validated in 193 patients who had not ingested ethanol. The mean difference between measured and calculated osmolality ("osmolal gap") was 1.5 mOsm/Kg +/- 5.3 mOsm/Kg (1 S. ⋯ This equation accurately predicted serum ethanol in 32 additional samples (r = 0.988). We propose that the formula above be used in place of those that have been previously proposed. The previous formulas involved unwarranted assumptions of ideality and had not been experimentally derived from studies of ethanol in serum.