European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Oct 2014
The pharmacokinetics of oral oxycodone in patients after total gastric resection.
Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid with a stronger analgesic effect than morphine and codeine. The efficacy of this opioid in the treatment of postoperative pain has been proved in different groups of patients. The drug has a favourable adverse reaction profile, which encourages doctors and patients to use it more and more widely. The drug is also used in the patients who underwent an abdominal surgery, e.g. stomach resection. Gastrectomy leads to pathophysiological changes within the gastrointestinal tract, which may cause changes in the drug absorption. In consequence this leads to a change in the pharmacokinetics and effect of the drug. The aim of the research was an analysis of the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone from prolonged release tablet in patients after total gastrectomy. ⋯ Total gastrectomy did not affect the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone administered in prolonged release tablets, but the exposure to the drug was significantly lower in women.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jul 2014
Understanding pharmacokinetics: are YouTube videos a useful learning resource?
To investigate whether YouTube videos on pharmacokinetics can be a useful learning resource for medical students. ⋯ YouTube videos on pharmacokinetics and drug elimination showed a range of variability in regard to the contents of their educational usefulness. Medical educators should be aware of the potential influence of YouTube videos may have on student's understanding of pharmacokinetics and drug elimination. Users who rely on the comments made by viewers or the approval expressed in terms of the number of like given by viewers should become aware that these indicators are not accurate and do not correlate with the scores given to videos.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jul 2014
Dexmedetomidine protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat kidney.
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the kidney during perioperative period remains the leading cause of acute renal failure. The purpose of this experimental study was to determine the role of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on renal I/R injury in rats. ⋯ Our data suggest that anti-apoptosis effect contributes to the renoprotection of dexmedetomidine, via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway partially.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jul 2014
A mechanism study on propofol's action on middle latency auditory evoked potential by neurons in ventral partition of medial geniculate body in rats.
To investigate the effect of propofol on the middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) by neurons in the ventral partition of medial geniculate body (MGBv) in rats and study their mechanism. ⋯ Propofol in 56 µmol/L, 168 µmol/L and 560 µmol/L can inhibit MLAEP in MGBv of rats in a dose-dependent manner and these changes may be caused by blocking the ion channel of persistent sodium currents and high voltaged activated calcium currents.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jul 2014
ReviewBrain hypothermia therapy for status epilepticus in childhood.
At the Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, we introduced a brain hypothermia therapy protocol for treating childhood status epilepticus and acute encephalitis/encephalopathy in 2004. ⋯ This paper reviews the brain hypothermia therapy protocol.