Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Sep 2000
Clinical Trial[High-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].
Findings for 41 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and/or autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) are reported. Two of the 41 patients were treated with HDC alone without PBSCT. At transplant, 20 patients were in complete remission, while 19 had resistant NHL and had failed to achieve a complete remission (CR) after several courses of conventional chemotherapy. ⋯ At a median follow-up of 49 months (range, 3 to 96 months), the estimated 3-year DFS for the group of all patients was 73.7%. Five relapses occurred between 5 and 35 months post-transplantation. In conclusion, HDC and PBSCT as induction therapy was only effective for patients with resistant NHL who responded to conventional chemotherapy, and may improve the survival of patients in CR as consolidation therapy.
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We discuss the basic concept of the continual reassessment method (CRM) and some modifications. The CRM has been proposed as alternatives of traditional cohort design for phase I trials in cancer. ⋯ Then, CRM is introduced so that the essential feature is in the sequential (continual) selection of a dose level for next patients based on the dose-toxicity relationship and in updating the relationship based on patients' response date using Bayesian calculation. Finally we discuss both advantages and pitfalls in practice.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 2000
Review[CPT-11 (irinotecan)--evidence from molecular and pharmacological studies and clinical applications].
Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a derivative of the chemotherapeutic agent Camptothecin. CPT-11 inhibits the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I. It has demonstrated a broad spectrum of antitumor activity in preclinical tumor model systems. ⋯ CPT-11 has demonstrated significant clinical activity in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal, pulmonary, gynecologic, and lymphoid malignancies. A recent randomized trial demonstrated a survival advantage in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. Further study of this agent to determine its role in combination chemotherapeutic regimens is currently underway.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 2000
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial[Clinical evaluation of granisetron hydrochloride for nausea and vomiting induced by oral anticancer drugs].
We investigated the antiemetic effect, safety and usefulness of granisetron hydrochloride tablets on nausea and vomiting induced by oral anticancer drugs used in chemotherapy for gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. In the present trial, oral administration of granisetron hydrochloride was performed during 5 days after nausea or vomiting. 1) Clinically, the effective rate of granisetron hydrochloride (the percentage of cases in which the drug was assessed as "Remarkably effective" or "Effective") was more than 75% on each day of administration. There were no adverse events or abnormal laboratory tests. 2) In terms of usefulness, granisetron hydrochloride was rated "Extremely useful" or "Useful" in 17 out of 23 cases (78.2%). The above results have shown that granisetron hydrochloride tablets, administrated orally once daily at a dose of 2 mg, have an excellent antiemetic effect, and that this is a safe and useful drug.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · May 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialPreliminary results of multicenter phase II trial of docetaxel (Taxotere) in combination with doxorubicin as first line chemotherapy in Indonesian patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer.
Docetaxel and doxorubicin have produced a high degree of activity in previously untreated/treated patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The efficacy of Taxotere (T) single agent as 2nd line chemotherapy is well established in large randomized phase III studies. ⋯ Taxotere--doxorubicin combination is very active in the first-line treatment of MBC, seems to be especially effective in patients with liver metastases, and is associated with a manageable toxicity profile.