Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2010
Functional regeneration of severed peripheral nerve using an implantable electrical stimulator.
This paper presents functional regeneration of severed peripheral nerve using a polymer-based implantable electrical stimulator. A polyimide based conduit electrode was made by micro-fabrication and a stimulation chip was designed to generate biphasic current pulse for electrical stimulation. The stimulation chip was packaged with a battery using silicone elastomer, and integrated with the electrode. ⋯ The electrical stimulation was applied for periods of one, two and four weeks between the proximal and the distal nerve stumps. After four weeks of post-operations, the degree of regeneration was evaluated through walking track assessments and by measuring neural response of the regenerated nerve. Based on these results, electrical stimulation, especially for two weeks of stimulation, could accelerate functional regeneration of the severed nerve.
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Mining medical reports can reveal important information correlating diagnosis with raw measurements helping in decision support. In this paper we address the problem of finding similar measurement reports for aiding clinical decision support. ⋯ A document retrieval algorithm based on document class models is presented to enable similarity retrieval of pre-diagnosed reports. Collaborative filtering-guided assembly of associated disease labels is used to achieve clinical decision support.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
System to improve AED resuscitation using interactive CPR coaching.
A positive impact on cardiac arrest survival has been demonstrated with the substantial reduction in time to defibrillation provided by the widespread deployment of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). However, recent studies have identified the importance of performing chest compressions before defibrillation in facilitating effective recovery from long duration ventricular fibrillation (VF). Despite the importance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), effective performance of it in the field is hampered by many problems including the dependence on rescuer technique, which is known to be variable even with trained professionals. ⋯ In general using any type of coaching provided improvements in all of the CPR performance measures excluding chest recoil where there was a slight decrease in performance. The statistical results also indicated that the audio/visual coaching conditions provided a more effective coaching condition with respect to chest compression rate. Most notably, the feedback conditions both provided a statistically significant or trends toward improving chest compression effectiveness and produced superior performance as a whole.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Optimizing cardiac resuscitation outcomes using wavelet analysis.
Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most lethal of cardiac arrhythmias that leads to sudden cardiac death if untreated within minutes of its occurrence. Defibrillation using electric shock resets the heart to return to spontaneous circulation (ROSC) state, however the success of which depends on various factors such as the viability of myocardium and the time lag between the onset of VF to defibrillation. Recent studies have reported that performing cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure prior to applying shock increases the survival rate especially when VF is untreated for more than 5 minutes. ⋯ Existing works in the literature have demonstrated correlation between the characteristics of the VF waveform and the outcome (ROSC) of the defibrillation. The proposed work improves on this by attempting to arrive at a near real-time monitoring tool in aiding the EMS staff. Using data collected from 16 pigs during VF, the proposed wavelet methodology achieved an overall accuracy of 94% in successfully predicting the shock outcomes.
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BIS monitoring is a processed electroencephalogram (EEG) technology that is designed to follow the effects that anesthetics and sedatives have on cerebral function. Much is know about the technology, it's utility and limitations. The economic case for widespread utilization of this technology is weak. ⋯ Total cost to the heath care system would approach one billion US dollars per year, just for use during general anesthetics. More appropriate use of already available drugs and technology would most likely decrease the incidence of IR as effectively, although individual patients who are at high risk for IR may benefit from this technology. However, based on current health care economic standards general use of BIS monitoring does not seem warranted and appears not to be cost-effective.