Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
ReviewSpinal cord stimulation for complex regional pain syndrome.
The therapy of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is based on producing an electrical field on the dorsal surface of the spinal cord that blocks only neuropathic pain (ie, pain from damage to the nervous system). Most SCS devices deliver a biphasic pulse consisting of a pair of equal amplitude pulses with opposite polarity. SCS therapy is based on the gate control theory of pain and has been used for the treatment of diverse conditions of neuropathic pain, including complex regional pain syndromes (CRPS). ⋯ When used in the right patient, SCS provides significant pain relief in a majority of patients with CRPS. This review focuses on the effects of SCS on CRPS. In addition, an overview of the state of the art technologies used for implantable SCS medical devices is also provided.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Ultrasound guided robotic biopsy using augmented reality and human-robot cooperative control.
Ultrasound-guided biopsy is a proficient mininvasive approach for tumors staging but requires very long training and particular manual and 3D space perception abilities of the physician, for the planning of the needle trajectory and the execution of the procedure. In order to simplify this difficult task, we have developed an integrated system that provides the clinician two types of assistance: an augmented reality visualization allows accurate and easy planning of needle trajectory and target reaching verification; a robot arm with a six-degree-of-freedom force sensor allows the precise positioning of the needle holder and allows the clinician to adjust the planned trajectory (cooperative control) to overcome needle deflection and target motion. Preliminary tests have been executed on an ultrasound phantom showing high precision of the system in static conditions and the utility and usability of the cooperative control in simulated no-rigid conditions.
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MR guidance of high intensity focused ultrasound is evolving with each new application. In this paper we describe ongoing research in the MR-guidance aspect of MR-guided focused ultrasound. The structure is divided into the pretreatment/setup phase of the procedure, MR thermometry for monitoring the actual treatment, and methods for assessment and follow-up.
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Pain assessment in patients who are unable to verbally communicate with medical staff is a challenging problem in patient critical care. The fundamental limitations in sedation and pain assessment in the intensive care unit (ICU) stem from subjective assessment criteria, rather than quantifiable, measurable data for ICU sedation and analgesia. ⋯ Recent advancements in pattern recognition techniques using a relevance vector machine algorithm can assist medical staff in assessing sedation and pain by constantly monitoring the patient and providing the clinician with quantifiable data for ICU sedation. In this paper, we show that the pain intensity assessment given by a computer classifier has a strong correlation with the pain intensity assessed by expert and non-expert human examiners.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
System to improve AED resuscitation using interactive CPR coaching.
A positive impact on cardiac arrest survival has been demonstrated with the substantial reduction in time to defibrillation provided by the widespread deployment of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). However, recent studies have identified the importance of performing chest compressions before defibrillation in facilitating effective recovery from long duration ventricular fibrillation (VF). Despite the importance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), effective performance of it in the field is hampered by many problems including the dependence on rescuer technique, which is known to be variable even with trained professionals. ⋯ In general using any type of coaching provided improvements in all of the CPR performance measures excluding chest recoil where there was a slight decrease in performance. The statistical results also indicated that the audio/visual coaching conditions provided a more effective coaching condition with respect to chest compression rate. Most notably, the feedback conditions both provided a statistically significant or trends toward improving chest compression effectiveness and produced superior performance as a whole.